为什么 sort() 函数不能正确处理此列表中的整数？

Question

我正在尝试创建一副牌，将其洗牌，然后重新排序。

问题是当我在洗牌后对其进行排序时，列表最终是这样的：[10, 11, 12, 13, 8, 9]

例如，我使用了一个较小的牌组。有了完整的套牌，列表仍然会结束：[10, 11, 12, 13, 1, 2, ...]

为什么列表没有正确排序？

这是我的代码：

import random

# Initialize Deck
deck = []
suits = ['Club', 'Spade', 'Heart', 'Diamond']

for i in range(8, 14):
    for s in range(4):
        deck.append([str(i), suits[s]])

# Format numbers into card face
for i in range(len(deck)):
    if deck[i][0] == "1":
        deck[i][0] = "Ace"
    elif deck[i][0] == "11":
        deck[i][0] = "J"
    elif deck[i][0] == "12":
        deck[i][0] = "Q"
    elif deck[i][0] == "13":
        deck[i][0] = "K"

print("Initial deck", deck)
print()

# Shuffle Deck
random.shuffle(deck)
print("Shuffle function:", deck)

# Turn face back to number for sorting
for i in range(len(deck)):
    if deck[i][0] == "Ace":
        deck[i][0] = "1"
    elif deck[i][0] == "J":
        deck[i][0] = "11"
    elif deck[i][0] == "Q":
        deck[i][0] = "12"
    elif deck[i][0] == "K":
        deck[i][0] = "13"
        
deck.sort()
print("Sort function: ", deck)

输出：

Initial deck: [['8', 'Club'], ['8', 'Spade'], ['8', 'Heart'], ['8', 'Diamond'], ['9', 'Club'], ['9', 'Spade'], ['9', 'Heart'], ['9', 'Diamond'], ['10', 'Club'], ['10', 'Spade'], ['10', 'Heart'], ['10', 'Diamond'], ['J', 'Club'], ['J', 'Spade'], ['J', 'Heart'], ['J', 'Diamond'], ['Q', 'Club'], ['Q', 'Spade'], ['Q', 'Heart'], ['Q', 'Diamond'], ['K', 'Club'], ['K', 'Spade'], ['K', 'Heart'], ['K', 'Diamond']]

Shuffle function: [['J', 'Heart'], ['8', 'Club'], ['Q', 'Spade'], ['9', 'Diamond'], ['9', 'Heart'], ['10', 'Diamond'], ['K', 'Heart'], ['K', 'Spade'], ['10', 'Heart'], ['9', 'Club'], ['8', 'Heart'], ['K', 'Club'], ['8', 'Diamond'], ['Q', 'Diamond'], ['9', 'Spade'], ['Q', 'Heart'], ['10', 'Spade'], ['K', 'Diamond'], ['J', 'Diamond'], ['Q', 'Club'], ['10', 'Club'], ['8', 'Spade'], ['J', 'Spade'], ['J', 'Club']]

Sort function:  [['10', 'Club'], ['10', 'Diamond'], ['10', 'Heart'], ['10', 'Spade'], ['11', 'Club'], ['11', 'Diamond'], ['11', 'Heart'], ['11', 'Spade'], ['12', 'Club'], ['12', 'Diamond'], ['12', 'Heart'], ['12', 'Spade'], ['13', 'Club'], ['13', 'Diamond'], ['13', 'Heart'], ['13', 'Spade'], ['8', 'Club'], ['8', 'Diamond'], ['8', 'Heart'], ['8', 'Spade'], ['9', 'Club'], ['9', 'Diamond'], ['9', 'Heart'], ['9', 'Spade']]

Answer 1

这是因为列表中的值是列表，而这些列表包含字符串。试试这样的：

import random

# Initialize Deck
deck = []
suits = ['Club', 'Spade', 'Heart', 'Diamond']

for i in range(8, 14):
    for s in range(4):
        deck.append([i, suits[s]])

# Format numbers into card face
for i in range(len(deck)):
    if deck[i][0] == 1:
        deck[i][0] = "Ace"
    elif deck[i][0] == 11:
        deck[i][0] = "J"
    elif deck[i][0] == 12:
        deck[i][0] = "Q"
    elif deck[i][0] == 13:
        deck[i][0] = "K"

print("Initial deck", deck)
print()

# Shuffle Deck
random.shuffle(deck)
print("Shuffle function:", deck)

# Turn face back to number for sorting
for i in deck:
    if deck[i][0] == "Ace":
        deck[i][0] = 1
    elif deck[i][0] == "J":
        deck[i][0] = 11
    elif deck[i][0] == "Q":
        deck[i][0] = 12
    elif deck[i][0] == "K":
        deck[i][0] = 13
        
deck.sort(key=lambda x:return x[0])
print("Sort function: ", deck)

Answer 2

您希望排名是int 值（而不是它们的str 版本），以便可以比较它们以进行排序。来回翻转它们以进行打印/分类是很多不必要的工作；我建议使用__repr__ 方法定义一个对象类，该方法可以按照您想要的方式格式化它们。

import random


class Card:
    def __init__(self, rank: int, suit: str):
        self.rank = rank
        self.suit = suit

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        rank_names = {
            1: "Ace",
            11: "J",
            12: "Q",
            13: "K",
        }
        return f"[{rank_names.get(self.rank, self.rank)} {self.suit}]"


deck = [
    Card(rank, suit) 
    for rank in range(8, 14) 
    for suit in ['Club', 'Spade', 'Heart', 'Diamond']
]

print("Initial deck", deck, "\n")

random.shuffle(deck)
print("Shuffled deck:", deck, "\n")

deck.sort(key=lambda card: (card.rank, card.suit))
print("Sorted deck:", deck)

打印：

Initial deck [[8 Club], [8 Spade], [8 Heart], [8 Diamond], [9 Club], [9 Spade], [9 Heart], [9 Diamond], [10 Club], [10 Spade], [10 Heart], [10 Diamond], [J Club], [J Spade], [J Heart], [J Diamond], [Q Club], [Q Spade], [Q Heart], [Q Diamond], [K Club], [K Spade], [K Heart], [K Diamond]]

Shuffled deck: [[K Heart], [10 Club], [9 Diamond], [8 Diamond], [10 Spade], [J Spade], [K Spade], [J Heart], [9 Spade], [10 Heart], [K Club], [10 Diamond], [Q Club], [K Diamond], [Q Spade], [J Diamond], [Q Diamond], [J Club], [9 Club], [8 Club], [9 Heart], [8 Heart], [Q Heart], [8 Spade]]

Sorted deck: [[8 Club], [8 Diamond], [8 Heart], [8 Spade], [9 Club], [9 Diamond], [9 Heart], [9 Spade], [10 Club], [10 Diamond], [10 Heart], [10 Spade], [J Club], [J Diamond], [J Heart], [J Spade], [Q Club], [Q Diamond], [Q Heart], [Q Spade], [K Club], [K Diamond], [K Heart], [K Spade]]

Answer 3

您应该使用整数而不是字符串作为数值。我还建议您用元组替换两个元素的内部列表（更多的风格选择）：

[(8, 'Club'), (8, 'Spade'), ...]

如果您坚持使用字符串，那么您可以在排序函数中添加key 参数。它接受一个在比较之前映射您的对象的函数。在你的情况下：

deck.sort(key=lambda x: int(x[0]))

获取列表中的每个元素并将该元素的第一个成员转换为整数。

另一个建议，使用字典而不是 if else 来映射数字和卡面，如下所示：

# Dictionary instead of if/elif/else
number_to_face = {
    "1": "Ace",
    "11": "J",
    "12": "Q",
    "13": "K"
}

这是一个完整的调整示例。

import random

# Initialize Deck
deck = []
suits = ['Club', 'Spade', 'Heart', 'Diamond']

for i in range(8, 14):
    for s in range(4):
        deck.append((str(i), suits[s]))

# Dictionary instead of if/elif/else
number_to_face = {
    "1": "Ace",
    "11": "J",
    "12": "Q",
    "13": "K"
}

# Reverse mapping of key -> value to value -> key
face_to_number = {v: k for k, v in number_to_face.items()}

# Use list comprehension to update list
def map_with(deck, mapping):
    return [(mapping.get(k, k), v) for k, v in deck]

# Format numbers into card face
deck = map_with(deck, number_to_face)

print("Initial deck", deck)
print()

# Shuffle Deck
random.shuffle(deck)
print("Shuffle function:", deck)
print()

# Turn face back to number for sorting
# Use list comprehension to update list
deck = map_with(deck, face_to_number)
        
deck.sort(key=lambda x: int(x[0]))
print("Sort function: ", deck)