【发布时间】:2026-02-17 15:25:02
【问题描述】:
我是 Java 和面向对象的新手,如果不清楚,敬请见谅。
我已经使用 Env3D 制作了一个水族馆,并且想应用 SOLID 的原理
我有一个Simulation 班级,Token 班级,Fish 班级。
我的Token 课程目前处理生成鱼及其行为。
理想情况下,我希望该行为与 Token 类分开。
我需要我的Fish 来扩展两个类,Token 和 Behavior,我知道这是不可能的。
我该怎么做? Fish 可以实现Behavior 接口,但它如何从Behavior 类中获取字段和方法?
令牌类
package UserCode;
/**
* It's a Token!
*
* @author (Tom)
* @version (02.03.2017)
*/
public class Token
{
// Env3d-defined object-specific fields:
// Reference to the 3D model, called 'model':
String model;
// Reference to texture-map, called 'texture':
String texture;
// Scale factor applied to model:
double scale;
// Position in 3D world (x,y,z coordinates):
double x;
// Position in 3D world (x,y,z coordinates):
double y;
// Position in 3D world (x,y,z coordinates):
double z;
// Orientation (about x,y,z):
double rotateX;
// Orientation (about x,y,z):
double rotateY;
// Orientation (about x,y,z):
double rotateZ;
// Set transparency to true:
boolean transparent=true;
public void setModel(String model){
this.model = model;
}
public void setScale(double scale){
this.scale = scale;
}
public void setTexture(String texture){
this.texture = texture;
}
public void move()
{
// rotate about y axis
//rotateY += 1;
}
public void setOrientationX(double x)
{
// set position
this.rotateX = x;
}
public void setOrientationY(double y)
{
// set position
this.rotateY = y;
}
public void setOrientationZ(double z)
{
// set position
this.rotateZ = z;
}
public void setPositionX(double x)
{
// set position
this.x = x;
}
public void setPositionY(double y)
{
// set position
this.y = y;
}
public void setPositionZ(double z)
{
// set position
this.z = z;
}
}
JavaFish 类
package UserCode;
/**
* <h1>Aquarium: JavaFish</h1>
* <p>This class generates and controls the JavaFish in the Aquarium.
* <p>The characteristics of the JavaFish are to swim horizontelly, backwards and forwards.
*
*@version 1.0.0
*@author Tom
*/
public class JavaFish extends Token
{
private double _xspeed = 0.08;
/**
* Creates the JavaFish and initilises instance/object variables of images of JavaFish and Aquarium.
* The second initilises position and orientation. These come from the Framework package.
*/
public JavaFish()
{
setModel("models/billboard/billboard.obj");
setScale(0.5);
setTexture("textures/javaFish/JavaFish.png");
setPositionX(1.0);
setPositionY(5.0);
setPositionZ(1.0);
setOrientationX(0);
setOrientationY(-90);
setOrientationZ(0);
}
public void move()
{
// JavaFish x-axis assigned to move forwards (+=) by instance varible in constructor
x += _xspeed;
// Flip JavaFish orientation and change direction if fish reaches specific x-axis point
if (x < 2)
{
_xspeed = 0.05;
setOrientationY(-90);
} else if (x > 8){
_xspeed = -0.05;
setOrientationY(90);
}
}
}
【问题讨论】:
-
假设
Behavior定义了鱼的行为(例如它如何移动),逻辑方法是将Behavior作为一个单独的类并在@ 中有一个类似setBehavior的方法987654338@。见Visitor-pattern。虽然没有看到Behavior的实际代码,但很难分辨。 -
“我的令牌类目前处理生成鱼及其行为”如果这是您的目标,那么我不明白为什么
Fish应该扩展这些类中的任何一个。该行为可以组成鱼类(作为类变量),Token应该创建每个Fish并将其传递给它对应的行为。