【发布时间】:2017-08-06 06:07:31
【问题描述】:
我已经用 Java 实现了所有四种排序算法。只是为了它,我决定查看每个算法中的交换次数和比较。对于大小为 20 的随机数组,这是我的结果
冒泡排序:87 次交换,87 次比较
插入排序:87 次交换,87 次比较
选择排序:19 次交换,29 次比较
快速排序:11940 次交换,我什至不知道从哪里计算比较
为什么冒泡排序和选择排序相同?我的意思是看代码我几乎可以看到它。循环几乎相同,我只是希望有人为我指出。
我明白为什么选择排序的交换次数最少
快速排序对我来说是个谜(该死的递归)。我认为这就是为什么交换的数量是疯狂的。为什么我的实施如此缓慢?其他三个在它之前完成。
***** 代码 - 如果有任何遗漏请告诉我 *******
Swap 对于所有三个实现都是相同的
private void swap(int firstIndex, int secondIndex) {
int temp = array[firstIndex];
array[firstIndex] = array[secondIndex];
array[secondIndex] = temp;
}
气泡
public void sort() {
for(int out = nElements-1; out > 1; out--) {// outer backwards loop
for(int in = 0; in < out; in++) { // inner forward loop
if(array[in] > array[in+1]) {
swap(in, in + 1);
totalSwaps++;
totalComparisons++;
}
}
}
}
选择
public void sort() {
for (int i = 0; i < nElements-1; i++) {
int currentMinIndex = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < nElements; j++)
if (array[j] < array[currentMinIndex]) {
currentMinIndex = j;
totalComparisons++;
}
swap(i, currentMinIndex);
totalSwaps++;
}
}
插入
public void sort() {
for(int i = 1; i < nElements; i++) {
for(int j = i; j > 0; j--) {
if(array[j] < array[j-1]) {
swap(j, j - 1);
totalSwaps++;
totalComparisons++;
}
}
}
}
快速排序
public void sort() {
sort(this.array, 0, array.length - 1);
}
private void sort(int[] array, int left, int right) {
if(left >= right)
return;
int randomIndex = new Random().nextInt(array.length);
int pivot = array[randomIndex];
// returns the dividing point between the left side and the right side
int index = partition(array, left, right, pivot);
sort(array, left, index - 1);
sort(array, index, right);
}
private int partition(int[] array, int left, int right, int pivot) {
while(left <= right) {
while(array[left] < pivot) // will break when there's an element to the left of the pivot that's greater
left++;
while(array[right] > pivot) // breaks when there's an element to the right of the pivot that's less
right--;
if(left <= right) {
swap(left, right);
left++;
right--;
totalSwaps++;
}
}
return left; // left will be at the partition point
}
主要
import java.util.Random;
public class Sorting {
private static final int maxSize = 50;
private static int[] randomArray() {
int[] array = new int[maxSize];
Random random = new Random();
random.setSeed(0);
for(int i = 0; i < maxSize; i++)
array[i] = random.nextInt(50);
return array;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] randomArr = randomArray();
BubbleSort bubbleSort = new BubbleSort(randomArr);
bubbleSort.display();
bubbleSort.sort();
bubbleSort.display();
randomArr = randomArray();
SelectionSort selectionSort = new SelectionSort(randomArr);
selectionSort.sort();
selectionSort.display();
randomArr = randomArray();
InsertionSort insertionSort = new InsertionSort(randomArr);
insertionSort.sort();
insertionSort.display();
System.out.println("Bubble Sort: Swaps = " + bubbleSort.totalSwaps + " Comparisons = " + bubbleSort.totalComparisons);
System.out.println("Selection Sort: Swaps = " + selectionSort.totalSwaps + " Comparisons = " + selectionSort.totalComparisons);
System.out.println("Insertion Sort: Swaps = " + insertionSort.totalSwaps + " Comparisons = " + insertionSort.totalComparisons);
randomArr = randomArray();
QuickSort quickSort = new QuickSort(randomArr);
quickSort.sort();
quickSort.display();
System.out.println("Quick Sort: Swaps = " + quickSort.totalSwaps);
}
}
输出
10 48 29 47 15 3 41 11 19 4 27 27 23 12 45 44 34 25 41 20 // original
3 4 10 11 12 15 19 20 23 25 27 27 29 34 41 41 44 45 47 48 // bubble
3 4 10 11 12 15 19 20 23 25 27 27 29 34 41 41 44 45 47 48 // selection
3 4 10 11 12 15 19 20 23 25 27 27 29 34 41 41 44 45 47 48 // insertion
Bubble Sort: Swaps = 87 Comparisons = 87
Selection Sort: Swaps = 19 Comparisons = 29
Insertion Sort: Swaps = 87 Comparisons = 87
3 4 10 11 12 15 19 20 23 25 27 27 29 34 41 41 44 45 47 48 // quick
Quick Sort: Swaps = 25283
【问题讨论】:
-
你的比较计数全错了。您应该计算执行的比较次数,但您计算的是评估为
true的次数。 -
此外,您的插入排序实现有点错误——尽管它会正确排序,但它执行的比较比标准插入排序执行的要多(并且不计算任何额外内容)。跨度>
标签: java quicksort bubble-sort insertion-sort selection-sort