写入tcl字典

Question

我对 tcl 字典比较陌生，没有看到关于如何初始化空字典、循环日志并将数据保存到其中的好的文档。最后我想打印一个如下所示的表格：

 - Table:

HEAD1
  Step 1    Start Time     End Time

  Step 2    Start Time     End Time

**

 - Log:

    **

    HEAD1
      Step1
         Start Time : 10am
         .
         .
         .
         End Time: 11am

      Step2
         Start Time : 11am
         . 
         .
         End time : 12pm

    HEAD2
      Step3
         Start Time : 12pm
         .
         .
         .
         End Time: 1pm

      Step4
         Start Time : 1pm
         . 
         .
         End time : 2pm

Answer 1

你真的不必在 Tcl 中初始化一个空字典——你可以简单地开始使用它，它会随着你的进行而被填充。如前所述，dict 手册页是最好的开始方式。 此外，我建议您检查regexp man page，因为您可以很好地使用它来解析您的文本文件。

没有什么比 atm 更好的事情了，我拼凑了一个简短的示例代码，应该可以帮助您入门。将其用作开始提示，将其调整为您的特定日志布局，并添加一些防御措施以防止意外输入错误。

# The following line is not strictly necessary as Tcl does not
# require you to first create an empty dictionary.
# You can simply start using 'dict set' commands below and the first
# one will create a dictionary for you.
# However, declaring something as a dict does add to code clarity.

set tableDict [dict create]

# Depending on your log sanity, you may want to declare some defaults
# so as to avoid errors in case the log file misses one of the expected
# lines (e.g. 'HEADx' is missing).

set headNumber {UNKNOWN}
set stepNumber {UNKNOWN}
set start {UNKNOWN}
set stop {UNKNOWN}

# Now read the file line by line and extract the interesting info.
# If the file indeed contains all of the required lines and exactly
# formatted as in your example, this should work.
# If there are discrepancies, adjust regex accordingly.

set log [open log.txt]
while {[gets $log line] != -1} {
    if {[regexp {HEAD([0-9]+)} $line all value]} {
        set headNumber $value
    }
    if {[regexp {Step([0-9]+)} $line all value]} {
        set stepNumber $value
    }
    if {[regexp {Start Time : ([0-9]+(?:am|pm))} $line all value]} {
        set start $value
    }

    # NOTE: I am assuming that your example was typed by hand and all
    # inconsistencies stem from there. Otherwise, you have to adjust
    # the regular expressions as 'End Time' is written with varying
    # capitalization and with inconsistent white spaces around ':'

    if {[regexp {End Time : ([0-9]+(?:am|pm))} $line all value]} {
        set start $value

        # NOTE: This short example relies heavily on the log file
        # being formatted exactly as described. Therefore, as soon
        # as we find 'End Time' line, we assume that we already have
        # everything necessary for the next dictionary entry

        dict set tableDict HEAD$headNumber Step$stepNumber StartTime $start
        dict set tableDict HEAD$headNumber Step$stepNumber EndTime $stop
    }
}
close $log


# You can now get your data from the dictionary and output your table

foreach head [dict keys $tableDict] {
    puts $head
    foreach step [dict keys [dict get $tableDict $head]] {
        set start [dict get $tableDict $head $step StartTime]
        set stop [dict get $tableDict $head $step EndTime]
        puts "$step   $start   $stop"
    }
}