如何使任何视图绘制到画布上？

Question

我有一个简短的问题：

假设我有一个（可变）位图需要修改（添加图像、文本等）。

与其搞乱许多用于在画布上绘制的特殊类（绘画、画布、矩阵等），我在想为什么不使用 Android 的内置类来完成这项任务，并且只有当我需要真正定制的操作时我还能用画布吗？

因此，例如，为了在位图上显示任何类型的视图（当然没有父视图），我可以调用下一个函数：

public void drawViewToBitmap(Bitmap b, View v, Rect rect) {
    Canvas c = new Canvas(b);
    // <= use rect to let the view to draw only into this boundary inside the bitmap
    view.draw(c);
}

这样的事情可能吗？也许这就是它在幕后工作的方式？

在绘图和画布创建之间的部分我应该写什么？

---

编辑：我已经尝试了下一个代码，但它没有工作：

public void drawFromViewToCanvas(final View view, final Rect rect, final Canvas canvas) {
    final int widthSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(rect.width(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
    final int heightSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(rect.height(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
    view.measure(widthSpec, heightSpec);
    // Lay the view out with the known dimensions
    view.layout(0, 0, rect.width(), rect.height());
    // Translate the canvas so the view is drawn at the proper coordinates
    canvas.save();
    canvas.translate(rect.left, rect.top);
    // Draw the View and clear the translation
    view.draw(canvas);
    canvas.restore();
}

使用示例：

final int imageSize = 50;
rect = new Rect(35, 344 , 35 + imageSize, 344  + imageSize);
final ImageView imageView = new ImageView(mContext);
imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
drawFromViewToCanvas(imageView, getRect(), canvas);

---

编辑：sony's website 上有一个示例：

int measureWidth = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(bitmapWidth, View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
int measuredHeight = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(bitmapHeight, View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
view.measure(measureWidth, measuredHeight);
view.layout(0, 0, bitmapWidth, bitmapHeight);
view.draw(canvas);

想知道它是否有效。

Answer 1

是的，你可以这样做。请记住，由于您没有将其附加到布局，因此您需要在绘制之前手动布局：

view.layout(0, 0, viewWidth, viewHeight);

除非你确切地知道你想要的那些宽度和高度参数，否则你可能还想先测量它：

int widthSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec (ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
int heightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec (400, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
view.measure(widthSpec, heightSpec);
view.layout(0, 0, view.getMeasuredWidth(), view.getMeasuredHeight());

编辑：

如果您已经知道所需的宽度和高度：

//Lay the view out with the known dimensions
view.layout (0, 0, rect.width(), rect.height());

//Translate the canvas so the view is drawn at the proper coordinates
canvas.save();
canvas.translate(rect.left, rect.top);

//Draw the View and clear the translation
view.draw(canvas);
canvas.restore();

再次编辑：

是的，经过测试。你可以自己试试：

public class DrawingActivity extends Activity {
    public void onCreate (Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        //Set a Rect for the 200 x 200 px center of a 400 x 400 px area
        Rect rect = new Rect();
        rect.set(100, 100, 300, 300);

        //Allocate a new Bitmap at 400 x 400 px
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(400, 400, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

        //Make a new view and lay it out at the desired Rect dimensions
        TextView view = new TextView(this);
        view.setText("This is a custom drawn textview");
        view.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
        view.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);

        //Measure the view at the exact dimensions (otherwise the text won't center correctly)
        int widthSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(rect.width(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
        int heightSpec = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(rect.height(), View.MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
        view.measure(widthSpec, heightSpec);

        //Lay the view out at the rect width and height
        view.layout(0, 0, rect.width(), rect.height());

        //Translate the Canvas into position and draw it
        canvas.save();
        canvas.translate(rect.left, rect.top);
        view.draw(canvas);
        canvas.restore();

        //To make sure it works, set the bitmap to an ImageView
        ImageView imageView = new ImageView(this);
        imageView.setLayoutParams(new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        setContentView(imageView);
        imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER);
        imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
    }
}