运行 django-cms 演示页面时出错

Question

我尝试了安装 django-cms 的所有过程，之后当我尝试运行演示页面时出现以下错误。

(djvenv2)shan@shan:~/workspace/projects/djvenv$ pip freeze
Django==1.6.2
PIL==1.1.7
Pillow==2.4.0
South==0.8.4
argparse==1.2.1
dj-database-url==0.3.0
django-classy-tags==0.5.1
django-cms==3.0
django-mptt==0.6.0
django-sekizai==0.7
djangocms-admin-style==0.2.2
djangocms-installer==0.4.1
html5lib==0.999
six==1.6.1
wsgiref==0.1.2

(djvenv2)shan@shan:~/workspace/projects/djvenv$ djangocms -p . my_demo
Database configuration (in URL format) [default sqlite://localhost/project.db]:
django CMS version (choices: 2.4, 3.0, stable, develop) [default stable]:
Django version (choices: 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, stable) [default 1.5]:
Activate Django I18N / L10N setting (choices: yes, no) [default yes]:
Install and configure reversion support (choices: yes, no) [default yes]:
Languages to enable. Option can be provided multiple times, or as a comma separated list: en
Optional default time zone [default America/Chicago]:
Activate Django timezone support (choices: yes, no) [default yes]:
Activate CMS permission management (choices: yes, no) [default yes]:
Use Twitter Bootstrap Theme (choices: yes, no) [default no]: yes
Load a starting page with examples after installation (choices: yes, no) [default no]: yes
INFO: Starting new HTTPS connection (1): pypi.python.org
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/shan/workspace/venv/djvenv2/bin/djangocms", line 9, in <module>
    load_entry_point('djangocms-installer==0.4.1', 'console_scripts', 'djangocms')()
  File "/home/shan/workspace/venv/djvenv2/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/djangocms_installer/main.py", line 24, in execute
    install.check_install(config_data)
  File "/home/shan/workspace/venv/djvenv2/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/djangocms_installer/install/__init__.py", line 52, in check_install
    raise EnvironmentError("\n".join(errors))
EnvironmentError: Pillow is not compiled with JPEG support, see 'Libraries installation issues' documentation section.

Answer 1

为 Pillow 添加 JPEG 支持，在 Ubuntu 中您可以执行以下操作：

sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev libfreetype6-dev zlib1g-dev

# Link the libraries for Pillow to find them:

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/`uname -i`-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so /usr/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/`uname -i`-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/`uname -i`-linux-gnu/libz.so /usr/lib/

# reinstall Pillow (In case you have Pillow already installed)
pip install --upgrade --force-reinstall pillow

Answer 2

安装所需的库：

http://pillow.readthedocs.org/en/latest/installation.html#linux-installation

然后在你的 virtualenv 中卸载并重新安装 Pillow

pip uninstall Pillow
pip install --no-cache-dir Pillow

Answer 3

我实际上发现这里选择的解决方案很有帮助。我还发现 djangcms 安装程序需要特定版本的 Pillow，这导致它无论出于何种原因都无法拾取 JPEG 模块。在撰写本文时，它需要Pillow==2.8.0，但pip --upgrade 正在安装的最新版本是2.9.x。我运行了pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade --force-reinstall pillow==2.8.0，这似乎满足了 djangocms 安装程序的要求，因此它可以保持 JPEG 兼容性。

您可以通过在 virtualenv 中打开 python shell 来验证是否安装了 JPEG 支持。

from PIL import Image

i = Image.open('/path/to/a.jpg')
i.load()

如果不支持 JPEG，您将获得加载图像的句柄或异常。

所以 pip 成功地安装了一个支持 JPEG 的 Pillow 包，但是一旦我运行 djangocms 安装程序，它就会用一个不支持 JPEG 的 Pillow 包替换它。您需要匹配 djangocms 安装程序所需的 Pillow 版本。我不知道该配置在哪里，但您可以在安装失败后使用pip freeze 或pip list 找出答案。

希望这对某人有所帮助。

Answer 4

我在我的 BitNami LAMP 虚拟机下遇到了同样的问题，并且无法通过链接 Pillow 的丢失文件来解决它。最后，我解决了：

首先，找到库

(venv)...$ find 2>/dev/null / -name libz.so
/opt/bitnami/common/lib/libz.so

现在将 lib 目录添加到 pip 中

(venv)...$ pip install --global-option=build_ext --global-option="-L/opt/bitnami/common/lib" --global-option="-I/opt/bitnami/common/include" --upgrade --force-reinstall pillow

有效：

--------------------------------------------------------------------
PIL SETUP SUMMARY
--------------------------------------------------------------------
version      Pillow 2.7.0
platform     linux2 2.7.6 (default, Mar 22 2014, 22:59:56)
             [GCC 4.8.2]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*** TKINTER support not available
--- JPEG support available
*** OPENJPEG (JPEG2000) support not available
--- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support available
--- LIBTIFF support available
--- FREETYPE2 support available
*** LITTLECMS2 support not available
*** WEBP support not available
*** WEBPMUX support not available
--------------------------------------------------------------------

另见python pip specify a library directory and an include directory