Linux：处理成服务

Question

我正在尝试将 linux 可执行文件作为服务

我像下面这样执行我的程序

java -jar mytestprogram.jar

创建一个持续运行并为 REST 请求提供服务的进程。但我想将它作为我可以做的服务运行

service mytestprogram start
service mytestprogram stop
service mytestprogram status
chkconfig mytestprogram on

等等。最简单的方法是什么？

Answer 1

在 Ubuntu 中，您可以按照上面的说明用几行代码创建文件，试一试，看看它是否适合您。

description "My prog"
 
 
start on (net-device-up
          and local-filesystems
          and runlevel [2345])

stop on runlevel [!2345]
 
respawn
respawn limit 10 5
 
setuid root
setgid shnmon
 
script
    /usr/local/bin/my_script -config.path /etc/myprog/yourconfig.xyz -children false >> /var/log/myprog.log 2>&1
end script

如果您有配置文件，则“-config.path /etc/myprog/yourconfig.xyz”是可选的。

您可以只编辑脚本部分并对其进行测试，并将其他部分保持默认并在此过程中编辑其余部分

Answer 2

这是一个示例 shell 脚本（确保将 MAT 名称替换为您的应用程序的名称）：

我用我的脚本的最新版本和一个简短的解释创建了一个 GitHubGist，以帮助那些需要它的人。 GitHub Gist link

#!/bin/bash

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:                 MATH
# Required-Start:           $java
# Required-Stop:            $java
# Short-Description:        Start and stop MATH service.
# Description:              -
# Date-Creation:            -
# Date-Last-Modification:   -
# Author:                   -
### END INIT INFO

# Variables
PGREP=/usr/bin/pgrep
JAVA=/usr/bin/java
ZERO=0

# Start the MATH
start() {
    echo "Starting MATH..."
    #Verify if the service is running
    $PGREP -f MATH > /dev/null
    VERIFIER=$?
    if [ $ZERO = $VERIFIER ]
    then
        echo "The service is already running"
    else
        #Run the jar file MATH service
        $JAVA -jar /opt/MATH/MATH.jar > /dev/null 2>&1 &
        #sleep time before the service verification
        sleep 10
        #Verify if the service is running
        $PGREP -f MATH  > /dev/null
        VERIFIER=$?
        if [ $ZERO = $VERIFIER ]
        then
            echo "Service was successfully started"
        else
            echo "Failed to start service"
        fi
    fi
    echo
}

# Stop the MATH
stop() {
    echo "Stopping MATH..."
    #Verify if the service is running
    $PGREP -f MATH > /dev/null
    VERIFIER=$?
    if [ $ZERO = $VERIFIER ]
    then
        #Kill the pid of java with the service name
        kill -9 $($PGREP -f MATH)
        #Sleep time before the service verification
        sleep 10
        #Verify if the service is running
        $PGREP -f MATH  > /dev/null
        VERIFIER=$?
        if [ $ZERO = $VERIFIER ]
        then
            echo "Failed to stop service"
        else
            echo "Service was successfully stopped"
        fi
    else
        echo "The service is already stopped"
    fi
    echo
}

# Verify the status of MATH
status() {
    echo "Checking status of MATH..."
    #Verify if the service is running
    $PGREP -f MATH > /dev/null
    VERIFIER=$?
    if [ $ZERO = $VERIFIER ]
    then
        echo "Service is running"
    else
        echo "Service is stopped"
    fi
    echo
}

# Main logic
case "$1" in
    start)
        start
        ;;
    stop)
        stop
        ;;
    status)
        status
        ;;
    restart|reload)
        stop
        start
        ;;
  *)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload}"
    exit 1
esac
exit 0

Answer 3

这取决于您的系统管理员

在 debian/ubuntu 上执行此操作的最常见方法是构建一个 initscript 并将其放置在 /etc/init.d 或 /etc/rc/init.d 中，然后在其中放置一个名为 mytestprogram 的脚本。

这是一个示例初始化脚本：

#!/bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          testone
# Required-Start:    $local_fs
# Required-Stop:     $local_fs
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# X-Interactive:     false
# Short-Description: Example init script
# Description:       Start/stop an example script
### END INIT INFO

DESC="test script"
NAME=testone
#DAEMON=

do_start()
{
   echo "starting!";
}

do_stop()
{
   echo "stopping!"
}


case "$1" in
   start)
     do_start
     ;;
   stop)
     do_stop
     ;;
esac

exit 0

我建议你看看那个目录下的一些脚本，如果你懂一点 bash 就很简单;)