使用休眠/弹簧引导连接 3 个表

Question

我无法理解如何使用 spring-boot/hibernate 连接 3 个表。 表格是：用户、技术、类别

每个用户都拥有这 10 个类别，但在这些类别中，他们可以保存一项或多项技术。每种技术都可以分为几个不同的类别。

我有一个代码现在部分工作，而不是引用表类别，我只是创建新类别，所以我的 BDD 中有重复项。 理想情况下，我希望每个用户数据结构都像这样（伪代码）：

{
    {
    "category1" : {id, name}
    "technologies" [{id, name}, {id, name}, {id, name} ]
    },

    {
    "category2" : {id, name}
    "technologies

    }
    .
    .
    .   
}

我的桌子是：

用户表

public class MyUser {

// other properties

@OneToMany(mappedBy="id")
    private Collection<Category> categories;
}

技术

public class Technology {

// other properties

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "id_seq", sequenceName = "id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "id_seq")
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;
}

技术类别：

public class TechnologyCategory {

// other properties

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "id_seq", sequenceName = "id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "id_seq")
    private int id;

    @Column(name="name")
    private String name;
}

以及我试图将用户与类别联系起来的表格（每个类别都有技术列表）

USER_CATEGORIES

public class UserCategory {

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "id_seq", sequenceName = "id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "id_seq")
    private int id;

    @Column(name = "name")
    private String technologyCategory; // here I would love to reference technology category table

    @ManyToMany()
    Collection <Technology> technologies;
}

所以我已经尝试/阅读了这个： Joining three tables using MySQL

ManyToManyToMany - Joining three tables with Hibernate annotations

Hibernate: How to Join three 3 tables in one join table in Annotation?

Hibernate: mapping 3 tables

但没有成功，因为每次尝试实施上述解决方案都会导致我无法解决的异常（所有与休眠相关的无法创建表）。 谢谢

Answer 1

如果我理解正确，假设您的示例代码有效，这样的事情对您有用：

用户类，加入类别：

public class User {

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "id_seq", sequenceName = "id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "id_seq")
    private int id;

    // other properties

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(name = "user_categories", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "category_id", referencedColumnName = "id"))
    private Set<Category> categories;
    
}

类别实体，包含技术的类别和技术：

public class Category {

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "id_seq", sequenceName = "id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "id_seq")
    private int id;

    // other properties

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "technology_category_id")
    private TechnologyCategory category;
    
    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(name = "category_technologies", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "category_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "technology_id", referencedColumnName = "id"))
    private Set<Technology> technologies;
    
}

TechnologyCategory 实体：

public class TechnologyCategory {

    // other properties

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "id_seq", sequenceName = "id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "id_seq")
    private int id;

    @Column(name="name")
    private String name;
}

技术实体：

public class Technology {

    // other properties

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "id_seq", sequenceName = "id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "id_seq")
    private int id;

    @Column(name="name")
    private String name;
}

如果您不希望 id 出现在 JSON 中，只需将 @JsonIgnore 注释放在 id 属性上方即可。