Django 测试报错：django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation \"auth_group\" does not exist

Question

我有一个最近没有经过测试的 django 应用程序。我必须运行自定义命令。我已经为它编写了一个测试并运行所有迁移。

我能够成功运行所有迁移。当我尝试运行测试时，抛出了以下错误。

python manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
Got an error creating the test database: database "test_ILIDD_db" already exists

Type 'yes' if you would like to try deleting the test database 'test_ILIDD_db', or 'no' to cancel: yes
Destroying old test database for alias 'default'...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 86, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
psycopg2.errors.UndefinedTable: relation "auth_group" does not exist


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 39, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 395, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\test.py", line 23, in run_from_argv
    super().run_from_argv(argv)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 328, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 369, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\test_without_migrations\management\commands\_base.py", line 78, in handle
    super(CommandMixin, self).handle(*test_labels, **options)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\test.py", line 53, in handle
    failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\test\runner.py", line 684, in run_tests
    old_config = self.setup_databases(aliases=databases)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\test\runner.py", line 604, in setup_databases
    return _setup_databases(
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\test\utils.py", line 169, in setup_databases
    connection.creation.create_test_db(
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\creation.py", line 67, in create_test_db
    call_command(
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 168, in call_command
    return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 369, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 83, in wrapped
    res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 202, in handle
    self.sync_apps(connection, executor.loader.unmigrated_apps)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 340, in sync_apps
    self.stdout.write("    Running deferred SQL...\n")
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 115, in __exit__
    self.execute(sql)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 142, in execute
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 68, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 77, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 86, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "C:\Anaconda3\envs\nlp-ilidd-processor\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 86, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_group" does not exist

我试图单独运行 migrate auth。没有要申请的迁移

Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: auth
Running migrations:
  No migrations to apply.

Answer 1

以下 django-app 有助于在不影响迁移冲突的情况下运行 django 测试。

安装'django-test-without-migrations'

pip install django-test-without-migrations

将其添加到 INSTALLED_APPS

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    # ...
    'test_without_migrations',
)

然后运行，

python manage.py test --nomigrations

--nomigrations 确保你的测试不会因为迁移问题而失败。

参考：https://pypi.org/project/django-test-without-migrations/

Answer 2

python manage.py makemigrations auth

然后

python manage.py makemigrations

Answer 3

就像我在问题中所说的那样，我能够成功运行迁移并且能够运行我的 django 应用程序。但是当我尝试运行测试时，出现了上述错误。

我通过编辑 settings.py 或 (local_settings.py) 镜像我的数据库解决了这个问题。 现在我可以在没有任何迁移问题的情况下运行测试。

    DATABASES = {
    'default': {
    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
    'USER': 'mydatabaseuser',
    'NAME': 'mydatabase',
    'TEST': {
        'MIRROR': 'default',
    },
},

}