Django Import-Export 导入错误 - localtime() 不能应用于天真的日期时间

Question

使用： 蟒蛇 3.10.4
姜戈 4.06
Django 导入导出 2.8.0

我正在尝试将数据导入到我的 Django 应用程序中以用作演示数据。我不断收到 localtime() cannot be applied to a naive datetime 的错误（在解决我单独询问的另一个错误之后）。我不担心这个特定字段是天真的日期时间。在实际应用中是需要手动设置的。

### models.py
class Reservation(models.Model):
    reservation = models.OneToOneField(Vehicle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True,)
    delivered = models.BooleanField('Delivered',default=False)
    date_reserved = models.DateTimeField('date reserved', default=datetime.datetime.now)
    ...

### admin.py
class ReservationResource(resources.ModelResource):
    class Meta:
        model = Reservation
        exclude = ('id',)
        import_id_fields = ('reservation',)
        fields = (
            'reservation',
            'delivered',
            'date_reserved',
            ...
        )
class ReservationImportExport(ImportExportModelAdmin):
    resource_class: ReservationResource
@admin.register(Reservation)
class ReservationAdmin(SimpleHistoryAdmin, ReservationImportExport):
    fields = ["delivered","date_reserved",...]

### demo-reservations.yaml  (Note: Problem happens using different data file formats)
 - reservation: 50001
   delivered: False
   date_reserved: 7/15/2022T00:00:00+00:00
   ...

这是错误（有点混淆）

Line number: 1 - localtime() cannot be applied to a naive datetime
50001, False, 7/15/2022T00:00:00+00:00, CHRIS EDWARDS, 16, ROSE TYLER
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\import_export\resources.py", line 670, in import_row
diff = self.get_diff_class()(self, original, new)
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\import_export\resources.py", line 221, in __init__
self.left = self._export_resource_fields(resource, instance)
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\import_export\resources.py", line 242, in _export_resource_fields
return [resource.export_field(f, instance) if instance else "" for f in resource.get_user_visible_fields()]
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\import_export\resources.py", line 242, in <listcomp>
return [resource.export_field(f, instance) if instance else "" for f in resource.get_user_visible_fields()]
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\import_export\resources.py", line 882, in export_field
return field.export(obj)
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\import_export\fields.py", line 125, in export
return self.widget.render(value, obj)
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\import_export\widgets.py", line 236, in render
value = timezone.localtime(value)
File "c:\Users\...\lib\site-packages\django\utils\timezone.py", line 206, in localtime
raise ValueError("localtime() cannot be applied to a naive datetime")
ValueError: localtime() cannot be applied to a naive datetime

已经尝试过：

1. 从管理员注册中删除了 SimpleHistoryAdmin
2. 将导入字段更改为仅 7/15/2022
3. 一起从导入文件中删除字段

   谢谢大家！

Answer 1

from django.utils import timezone

tz = timezone.get_current_timezone()
aware_datetime = timezone.make_aware(datetime_object, tz)

此代码应该可以解决您的问题。您必须解析日期时间字符串并将其插入make_aware

如果您仍然只使用日期，您可以这样做：

from datetime import datetime

datetime_object = datetime.strptime("7/15/2022", "%m/%d/%Y")

• Here is the link to the Django docs explaining make_aware
• Here the link explaining get_current_timezone（以及为什么如果您在 settings.py 中提供了时区，您甚至可能不需要它）

您还可以向您的模型添加一个函数，自动将原始日期时间转换为感知日期时间，check this answer 如果您想实现这个