AMM0000 android:exported 需要为元素 <service#com.microsoft.appcenter.push.TokenService> 明确指定。以 Android 12 为目标平台的应用

Question

我已将 targetsdkversion 从 30 更新到 31（和 tio OS 12），面临以下问题。

java.exe error AMM0000: android:exported needs to be explicitly specified for element <service#com.microsoft.appcenter.push.TokenService>. Apps targeting Android 12

在我使用 firebase 推送通知服务的应用程序中，我添加了所有与通知相关的服务。下面的代码我在 Andriodmanifest.xml 中使用

          android:installLocation="preferExternal"
          package="com.edmatix.parent.shemida"
          android:versionName="production.release.1.0.0.0"
          android:versionCode="20220818">
  <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="17" android:targetSdkVersion="31" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
  <application android:label="SHEMIDA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL" android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true" android:preserveLegacyExternalStorage="true"  android:icon="@drawable/SHEMIDA_Launcher" android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config">
    <meta-data android:name="com.google.android.geo.API_KEY" android:value="AIzaSyAnvG581Y_oVWbDcwYNDy6v4CfRdtmU2CY" />
    <uses-library android:name="org.apache.http.legacy" android:required="false" />
    <receiver android:name="com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceIdInternalReceiver" android:exported="false" />
    <receiver android:name="com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceIdReceiver" android:exported="true" android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND">
      <service android:name="com.microsoft.appcenter.push.TokenService" android:exported="true"/>
      <service android:name="crc646c47bac7b09c0b0e.MyFirebaseIIDService" android:exported="true"/>
        <service android:name="crc646c47bac7b09c0b0e.MyFirebaseMessagingService" android:exported="true"/>
          <receiver android:name="crc64a93b901f58a35d0f.PushReceiver" android:exported="true"/>
            <service android:name="crc6494e14b9856016c30.PNFirebaseIIDService" android:exported="true"/>
              <service android:name="crc6494e14b9856016c30.PNFirebaseMessagingService" android:exported="true"/>
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
        <action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION" />
        <category android:name="${applicationId}" />
      </intent-filter>
    </receiver>
  </application>
</manifest>```



Kindly help on this. im new to xamarin forms

Answer 1

这些看起来像是在代码中定义的，然后在构建解决方案时自动生成到 AndroidManifest 中。

<service android:name="crc646c47bac7b09c0b0e.MyFirebaseIIDService" android:exported="true"/>
<service android:name="crc646c47bac7b09c0b0e.MyFirebaseMessagingService" android:exported="true"/>
<receiver android:name="crc64a93b901f58a35d0f.PushReceiver" android:exported="true"/>
<service android:name="crc6494e14b9856016c30.PNFirebaseIIDService" android:exported="true"/>
<service android:name="crc6494e14b9856016c30.PNFirebaseMessagingService" android:exported="true"/>

要修复它们，请添加已出口标记到类本身的属性，如下所示：

[Service(Exported = true)]
public class MyFirebaseIIDService: FirebaseInstanceIdService
{
    public static string Token => FirebaseInstanceId.Instance.Token;
    public static event Action<string> TokenRefreshed;

    public override void OnTokenRefresh()
    {
        TokenRefreshed?.Invoke(Token);
    }
}

Answer 2

问题原因：项目的compileSdkVersion和targetSdkVersion已经升级到31及以上。但是，manifest文件包含intent-filter的组件（就像上面的<service#com.microsoft.appcenter.push.TokenService>）没有显式设置android:Exported，那么就会出现这个错误。

解决方法：将compileSdkVersion和targetSdkVersion设置在31以下。