如何在 xml 有效负载中传递字节数据

Question

我正在尝试将 xml 有效载荷作为输入传递给函数并在有效载荷中对象压缩数据字段不将字符串作为输入，而是需要输入为字节格式。

def getSoapResponse(Envelope, url, action):
    try:
        envelope = Envelope
        # Create and register opener. Requires proxy when behind a firewall
        opener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.HTTPHandler(), urllib.request.HTTPSHandler(),
                                             urllib.request.ProxyHandler())
        urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
        # Create request for the service call
        request = urllib.request.Request(url)

        # Configure the request content type to be xml
        request.add_header("Content-Type", 'application/soap+xml;charset=utf-8')

        # Set the SOAP action to be invoked; while the call works without this, the value is expected to be set based on standards
        request.add_header("SOAPAction", action)

        # Write the xml payload to the request
        request.data = envelope.encode()
        
        handle = urllib.request.urlopen(request, cafile=certifi.where())
            
        # Get the response and process it
        xmlString = (handle.read(2000).decode('utf-8'))
        if action != "uploadObjectInSession":
            # Convert the response into XML tree structure
            sessionxml = fromstring(xmlString)
            # Get the session value from the XML tree
            ReturnVal = sessionxml[0][0][0].text if action == 'login' else 'Success'
            return (ReturnVal)
        else:
            return "Success"
    except Exception as err:
        print("getSoapResponse - Error occurred; Message ", str(err))
        print("===============================================================")
        return "Error"

def uploadSession(catFile, Target):
    try:
       with open(catFile, 'rb') as f:
           bytes_encoded = base64.b64encode(f.read())
           string_encoded = bytes_encoded.decode()
           f.close()
    except IOError:
       return "Error"

new_Envelope = """<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:v2="http://xmlns.oracle.com/oxp/service/v2">
        <soapenv:Header/>
        <soapenv:Body>
            <v2:uploadObjectInSession>
                <v2:reportObjectAbsolutePathURL>""" + Target + """</v2:reportObjectAbsolutePathURL>
                <v2:objectType>xdoz</v2:objectType>
                <v2:objectZippedData>""" + string_encoded + """</v2:objectZippedData>
                <v2:bipSessionToken>""" + target_sessionid + """</v2:bipSessionToken>
            </v2:uploadObjectInSession>
        </soapenv:Body>
        </soapenv:Envelope> """

Final = getSoapResponse(Envelope=new_Envelope, url, action='uploadObjectInSession')
    if Final=="Error":
       print("FAILURE")
       return "Error"
    else:
       print(Final)
       return "Success"

调用上述函数后，如果我将字符串传入对象压缩数据，它没有成功，而如果我传递字节数据对象压缩数据，我收到以下错误

new_Envelope = """<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:v2="http://xmlns.oracle.com/oxp/service/v2">
TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "bytes") to str

Answer 1

使用.encode()将字符串转换为字节

>>> mystr="test"
>>> type(mystr)
<class 'str'>
>>> type(mystr.encode())
<class 'bytes'>

你的错误表明，当通过连接（使用+）将一堆字符串连接在一起创建你的newEnvelope时，其中一个实际上[已经]是bytes类型。

找到哪个并使用.decode() 将其转换为字符串。