django clone project migrate 发生错误

Question

使用 django cookiecutter 设置时发生“django.db.utils.OperationalError”。

配置\设置\base.py

DATABASES = {
    "default": env.db(
        "DATABASE_URL",
        default="postgres://postgres:root@localhost:5432/instagram",
    ),
}

C:\dev\clone\instagram>py manage.py migrate       
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 244, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 225, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", line 203, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\psycopg2\__init__.py", line 122, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
psycopg2.OperationalError

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\dev\clone\instagram\manage.py", line 31, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 446, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 440, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 414, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 460, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 98, in wrapped
    res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 91, in handle
    self.check(databases=[database])
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 487, in check
    all_issues = checks.run_checks(
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 88, in run_checks
    new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs, databases=databases)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\model_checks.py", line 36, in check_all_models
    errors.extend(model.check(**kwargs))
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 1461, in check
    *cls._check_indexes(databases),
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 1864, in _check_indexes
    connection.features.supports_covering_indexes
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 49, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\features.py", line 84, in is_postgresql_11
    return self.connection.pg_version >= 110000
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 49, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", line 354, in pg_version
    with self.temporary_connection():
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\contextlib.py", line 135, in __enter__
    return next(self.gen)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 639, in temporary_connection
    with self.cursor() as cursor:
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 284, in cursor
    return self._cursor()
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 260, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 243, in ensure_connection
    with self.wrap_database_errors:
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 91, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 244, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 225, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", line 203, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "C:\Users\krsai\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\psycopg2\__init__.py", line 122, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
django.db.utils.OperationalError

我只修改了base.py这个部分，但是没有执行“migrate”命令，报错了。是什么原因？

1. 已安装 postgresql
2. 创建数据库名称为“instagram”
3. 已安装 cookiecutter
4. 修改“base.py”
5. 运行“py manage.py makemigrations”
6. 发生错误

   现在我用的是postgresql version 15，会不会是报错的原因？ 因为我也尝试使用版本 14 但有同样的错误。

Answer 1

删除所有迁移文件，然后：

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate