我需要读取 Access 2003 数据库中 100 多个表的属性并将这些详细信息（表名、字段名、类型和大小）写入文件以获取进一步的文档。
我在网络搜索中找不到任何关于读取字段属性的信息，只有字段值...
谁能告诉我我必须声明哪些记录集变量（和语法）才能遍历数据库中的所有表并从每个表中提取字段名称、类型和大小？我会将结果写入文本文件，但我想我可以处理！ :)
在我能解决这个问题之前，我处于停顿状态。我花了一天时间手动记录两张表。有些表有超过 100 个字段。
【问题讨论】：
您将不得不稍微调整一下，它旨在将表从一个数据库复制到另一个数据库，但它应该是一个很好的起点。
' Database.
Dim dbRep As DAO.Database
Dim dbNew As DAO.Database
' For copying tables and indexes.
Dim tblRep As DAO.TableDef
Dim tblNew As DAO.TableDef
Dim fldRep As DAO.Field
Dim fldNew As DAO.Field
Dim idxRep As DAO.Index
Dim idxNew As DAO.Index
' For copying data.
Dim rstRep As DAO.Recordset
Dim rstNew As DAO.Recordset
Dim rec1 As DAO.Recordset
Dim rec2 As Recordset
Dim intC As Integer
' For copying table relationships.
Dim relRep As DAO.Relation
Dim relNew As DAO.Relation
' For copying queries.
Dim qryRep As DAO.QueryDef
Dim qryNew As DAO.QueryDef
' For copying startup options.
Dim avarSUOpt
Dim strSUOpt As String
Dim varValue
Dim varType
Dim prpRep As DAO.Property
Dim prpNew As DAO.Property
' For importing forms, reports, modules, and macros.
Dim appNew As New Access.Application
Dim doc As DAO.Document
' Open the database, not in exclusive mode.
Set dbRep = OpenDatabase(Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.TxtDatabase, False)
' Open the new database
Set dbNew = CurrentDb
DoEvents
' Turn on the hourglass.
DoCmd.Hourglass True
'********************
Debug.Print "Copy Tables"
'********************
If Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.CkTables = True Then
Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.LstMessages.addItem "Copying Tables:"
' Loop through the collection of table definitions.
For Each tblRep In dbRep.TableDefs
Set rec1 = dbRep.OpenRecordset("SELECT MSysObjects.Name FROM MsysObjects WHERE ([Name] = '" & tblRep.Name & "') AND ((MSysObjects.Type)=4 or (MSysObjects.Type)=6)")
If rec1.EOF Then
XF = 0
Else
XF = 1
End If
' Ignore system tables and CMDB tables.
If InStr(1, tblRep.Name, "MSys", vbTextCompare) = 0 And _
InStr(1, tblRep.Name, "CMDB", vbTextCompare) = 0 And _
XF = 0 Then
'***** Table definition
' Create a table definition with the same name.
Set tblNew = dbNew.CreateTableDef(tblRep.Name)
Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.LstMessages.addItem "--> " & tblRep.Name & ""
' Set properties.
tblNew.ValidationRule = tblRep.ValidationRule
tblNew.ValidationText = tblRep.ValidationText
' Loop through the collection of fields in the table.
For Each fldRep In tblRep.Fields
' Ignore replication-related fields:
' Gen_XXX, s_ColLineage, s_Generation, s_GUID, s_Lineage
If InStr(1, fldRep.Name, "s_", vbTextCompare) = 0 And _
InStr(1, fldRep.Name, "Gen_", vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
'***** Field definition
Set fldNew = tblNew.CreateField(fldRep.Name, fldRep.Type, _
fldRep.Size)
' Set properties.
On Error Resume Next
fldNew.Attributes = fldRep.Attributes
fldNew.AllowZeroLength = fldRep.AllowZeroLength
fldNew.DefaultValue = fldRep.DefaultValue
fldNew.Required = fldRep.Required
fldNew.Size = fldRep.Size
' Append the field.
tblNew.Fields.Append fldNew
'On Error GoTo Err_NewShell
End If
Next fldRep
'***** Index definition
' Loop through the collection of indexes.
For Each idxRep In tblRep.Indexes
' Ignore replication-related indexes:
' s_Generation, s_GUID
If InStr(1, idxRep.Name, "s_", vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
' Ignore indices set as part of Relation Objects
If Not idxRep.Foreign Then
' Create an index with the same name.
Set idxNew = tblNew.CreateIndex(idxRep.Name)
' Set properties.
idxNew.Clustered = idxRep.Clustered
idxNew.IgnoreNulls = idxRep.IgnoreNulls
idxNew.Primary = idxRep.Primary
idxNew.Required = idxRep.Required
idxNew.Unique = idxRep.Unique
' Loop through the collection of index fields.
For Each fldRep In idxRep.Fields
' Create an index field with the same name.
Set fldNew = idxNew.CreateField(fldRep.Name)
' Set properties.
fldNew.Attributes = fldRep.Attributes
' Append the index field.
idxNew.Fields.Append fldNew
Next fldRep
' Append the index to the table.
tblNew.Indexes.Append idxNew
End If
End If
Next idxRep
' Append the table.
dbNew.TableDefs.Append tblNew
End If
Next tblRep
【讨论】：
具有这些选项的 Database Documenter 向导应该会以最少的努力为您提供所需的内容。
如果该方法不令人满意，您可以使用自定义 VBA 代码来收集您想要的信息。您可以通过循环访问 DAO TableDefs 集合来检索数据库中表的名称。
Dim db As DAO.Database
Dim tdf As DAO.TableDef
Set db = CurrentDb
For Each tdf In db.TableDefs
' ignore system and temporary tables
If Not (tdf.name Like "MSys*" Or tdf.name Like "~*") Then
Debug.Print tdf.name
End If
Next
Set tdf = Nothing
Set db = Nothing
要获得所需的字段详细信息，请使用 Allen Browne 的 TableInfo() function ... 替换文件写入语句来替换 Debug.Print 语句。请注意，该函数使用 2 个帮助函数，GetDescrip 和 FieldTypeName，这两个函数都包含在该链接页面中。
这是来自TableInfo() 的即时窗口输出示例，用于我的数据库中的一个表 --- 我认为它包含您想要的字段信息。
TableInfo "foo"
FIELD NAME FIELD TYPE SIZE DESCRIPTION
========== ========== ==== ===========
id AutoNumber 4
MyNumber Long Integer 4
MyText Text 255
bar Long Integer 4
========== ========== ==== ===========
调整函数后，从上面示例中的 For Each tdf 循环调用它，并为每个 tdf.name 提供它：
TableInfo tdf.name
【讨论】：
下面的sub会将所有表名、字段名、类型、必填、默认值导出到excel表中
Sub TableDef()
Dim def As TableDef
Dim wb As Object
Dim xL As Object
Dim lngRow As Long
Dim f As Field
Set xL = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
xL.Visible = True
Set wb = xL.workbooks.Add
lngRow = 2
For Each def In CurrentDb.TableDefs
For Each f In def.Fields
With wb.sheets("Sheet1")
.Range("A" & lngRow).Value = def.Name
.Range("B" & lngRow).Value = f.Name
.Range("C" & lngRow).Value = f.Type
.Range("D" & lngRow).Value = f.Size
.Range("E" & lngRow).Value = f.Required
.Range("F" & lngRow).Value = f.DefaultValue
lngRow = lngRow + 1
End With
Next
Next
End Sub
【讨论】：