【发布时间】:2022-10-13 09:16:26
【问题描述】:
我已经在 VS Code 中打开了一个具有以下结构的项目(macOS 上的 1.71.0,Intel)并激活了一个 Dev Container(我尝试了 Microsoft 的默认 Python 3.9 和 3.10 容器,使用和不使用 python3 -m venv ...) :
project/
.devcontainer/
devcontainer.json
Dockerfile
foo/
foo/
tests/
test_bar.py <-- IDE reports import error in this file
resources/
__init__.py
bar.py
setup.py
在 VS Code 的终端窗口中,我可以从目录project/foo 成功运行test_bar.py,其中:
python3 -m unittest discover foo/tests -p 'test_*.py'
所以该项目是有效的,并且可以从命令行运行。
但是当我在 VS Code 中打开文件 project/foo/foo/tests/test_bar.py 时,我看到以下行的错误 Unable to import 'foo' pylint(import-error) 带有红色下划线:
from foo import bar
对于使用pip3 install 安装的外部软件包,我看到了类似的假定错误。
我试图通过在project/.devcontainer.json 的各个位置添加各种相对和绝对路径(例如/workspaces/project/foo)来通知 VS Code,例如:
-
customizations.vscode.settingspython.analysis.extraPathspython.autoComplete.extraPaths-
python.testing.unittestargs
但到目前为止我没有运气(在许多 IDE 重新启动和容器映像重建之后)。
所以我很想知道;在使用开发容器时,应该如何修复 VS Code 中这种带有 IDE 标记的导入错误?
附加信息
由于在 cmets 中请求了一个文件,这里是我使用的关键测试项目文件(我没有修复任何路径;我的最后一个测试项目名为 vscode-python-dev-container,而不是 project,我在上面用作简写)。
devcontainer.json(为建议的PYTHONPATH 更改添加了containerEnv 部分):
// For format details, see https://aka.ms/devcontainer.json. For config options, see the README at:
// https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/v0.245.2/containers/python-3
{
"name": "Python 3",
"build": {
"dockerfile": "Dockerfile",
"context": "..",
"args": {
// Update 'VARIANT' to pick a Python version: 3, 3.10, 3.9, 3.8, 3.7, 3.6
// Append -bullseye or -buster to pin to an OS version.
// Use -bullseye variants on local on arm64/Apple Silicon.
"VARIANT": "3.10-bullseye",
// Options
"NODE_VERSION": "lts/*"
}
},
"containerEnv": {
"PYTHONPATH": "/workspaces/vscode-python-dev-container/foo"
},
// Configure tool-specific properties.
"customizations": {
// Configure properties specific to VS Code.
"vscode": {
// Set *default* container specific settings.json values on container create.
"settings": {
"python.defaultInterpreterPath": "/usr/local/bin/python",
"python.linting.enabled": true,
"python.linting.pylintEnabled": true,
"python.formatting.autopep8Path": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/autopep8",
"python.formatting.blackPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/black",
"python.formatting.yapfPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/yapf",
"python.linting.banditPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/bandit",
"python.linting.flake8Path": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/flake8",
"python.linting.mypyPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/mypy",
"python.linting.pycodestylePath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/pycodestyle",
"python.linting.pydocstylePath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/pydocstyle",
"python.linting.pylintPath": "/usr/local/py-utils/bin/pylint"
},
// Add the IDs of extensions you want installed when the container is created.
"extensions": [
"ms-python.python",
"ms-python.vscode-pylance"
]
}
},
// Use 'forwardPorts' to make a list of ports inside the container available locally.
// "forwardPorts": [],
// Use 'postCreateCommand' to run commands after the container is created.
// "postCreateCommand": "pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt",
// Comment out to connect as root instead. More info: https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root.
"remoteUser": "vscode"
}
Dockerfile:
# See here for image contents: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/v0.245.2/containers/python-3/.devcontainer/base.Dockerfile
# [Choice] Python version (use -bullseye variants on local arm64/Apple Silicon): 3, 3.10, 3.9, 3.8, 3.7, 3.6, 3-bullseye, 3.10-bullseye, 3.9-bullseye, 3.8-bullseye, 3.7-bullseye, 3.6-bullseye, 3-buster, 3.10-buster, 3.9-buster, 3.8-buster, 3.7-buster, 3.6-buster
ARG VARIANT="3.10-bullseye"
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/python:0-${VARIANT}
# [Choice] Node.js version: none, lts/*, 16, 14, 12, 10
ARG NODE_VERSION="none"
RUN if [ "${NODE_VERSION}" != "none" ]; then su vscode -c "umask 0002 && . /usr/local/share/nvm/nvm.sh && nvm install ${NODE_VERSION} 2>&1"; fi
# [Optional] If your pip requirements rarely change, uncomment this section to add them to the image.
# COPY requirements.txt /tmp/pip-tmp/
# RUN pip3 --disable-pip-version-check --no-cache-dir install -r /tmp/pip-tmp/requirements.txt \
# && rm -rf /tmp/pip-tmp
# [Optional] Uncomment this section to install additional OS packages.
# RUN apt-get update && export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
# && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends <your-package-list-here>
# [Optional] Uncomment this line to install global node packages.
# RUN su vscode -c "source /usr/local/share/nvm/nvm.sh && npm install -g <your-package-here>" 2>&1
bar.py:
"""An example module."""
JSON_STR = '{"a": 1}'
test_bar.py:
"""An example test."""
import json
import unittest
import requests # test external lib access
from foo import bar
class TestFooBar(unittest.TestCase):
"""An example test class."""
a = requests.__name__ # to eliminate warning above that package isn't used
def test_foo_bar_json(self):
"""An example test."""
data = json.loads(bar.JSON_STR)
self.assertEqual(data['a'], 1)
【问题讨论】:
-
您是否在容器内运行 pip install ?
-
你能分享你的 devcontainer.json 吗?
-
我已经为使用的外部包运行了
pip3 install "${pkg}"。我通过 VS Code 创建的默认.devcontainer.json得到了这个。 -
你能粘贴它的内容吗?这将帮助我们确定建议的答案是否是问题的根源。
-
虽然我接受的答案解决了我眼前的问题,但很高兴知道是否有更好的方法来解决这个问题,所以我将
devcontainer.json文件(和其他一些文件)粘贴到原始问题中。