为什么以及如何 SQL 条件不在 psql 解释计划中？答案

【问题标题】：Why and how SQL condition not in psql explain plan?为什么以及如何 SQL 条件不在 psql 解释计划中？
【发布时间】：2021-06-21 07:43:20
【问题描述】：

我尝试分析连接查询基准https://github.com/gregrahn/join-order-benchmark的计划

例如我执行如下命令：

EXPLAIN SELECT *
FROM aka_name AS an,
     cast_info AS ci,
     company_name AS cn,
     keyword AS k,
     movie_companies AS mc,
     movie_keyword AS mk,
     name AS n,
     title AS t
WHERE an.person_id = n.id
  AND n.id = ci.person_id
  AND ci.movie_id = t.id
  AND t.id = mk.movie_id
  AND mk.keyword_id = k.id
  AND t.id = mc.movie_id
  AND mc.company_id = cn.id
  AND an.person_id = ci.person_id
  AND ci.movie_id = mc.movie_id
  AND ci.movie_id = mk.movie_id
  AND mc.movie_id = mk.movie_id;

结果，我得到了以下查询计划

                                                       QUERY PLAN                                                                                 [0/1803]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Hash Join  (cost=1973375.70..22192463.47 rows=22337517790 width=449)
   Hash Cond: (ci.movie_id = t.id)
   ->  Merge Join  (cost=102.03..2617413.84 rows=88800840 width=203)
         Merge Cond: (n.id = an.person_id)
         ->  Merge Join  (cost=0.87..2341713.60 rows=36244344 width=130)
               Merge Cond: (ci.person_id = n.id)
               ->  Index Scan using person_id_cast_info on cast_info ci  (cost=0.44..1714393.60 rows=36244344 width=56)
               ->  Index Scan using name_pkey on name n  (cost=0.43..163847.25 rows=4167379 width=74)
         ->  Materialize  (cost=0.42..69770.80 rows=901343 width=73)
               ->  Index Scan using person_id_aka_name on aka_name an  (cost=0.42..67517.44 rows=901343 width=73)
   ->  Hash  (cost=834975.33..834975.33 rows=24906348 width=246)
         ->  Hash Join  (cost=486218.85..834975.33 rows=24906348 width=246)
               Hash Cond: (mk.movie_id = t.id)
               ->  Hash Join  (cost=4885.82..131552.82 rows=4523930 width=37)
                     Hash Cond: (mk.keyword_id = k.id)
                     ->  Seq Scan on movie_keyword mk  (cost=0.00..69693.30 rows=4523930 width=12)
                     ->  Hash  (cost=2290.70..2290.70 rows=134170 width=25)
                           ->  Seq Scan on keyword k  (cost=0.00..2290.70 rows=134170 width=25)
               ->  Hash  (cost=372278.91..372278.91 rows=2609129 width=209)
                     ->  Hash Join  (cost=141184.56..372278.91 rows=2609129 width=209)
                           Hash Cond: (mc.movie_id = t.id)
                           ->  Hash Join  (cost=11266.43..106748.81 rows=2609129 width=115)
                                 Hash Cond: (mc.company_id = cn.id)
                                 ->  Seq Scan on movie_companies mc  (cost=0.00..44881.29 rows=2609129 width=40)
                                 ->  Hash  (cost=5344.97..5344.97 rows=234997 width=75)
                                       ->  Seq Scan on company_name cn  (cost=0.00..5344.97 rows=234997 width=75)
                           ->  Hash  (cost=61280.28..61280.28 rows=2528228 width=94)
                                 ->  Seq Scan on title t  (cost=0.00..61280.28 rows=2528228 width=94)
 JIT:

如您所见，条件mc.movie_id = mk.movie_id 不在此计划中。如何以及为什么可能？

【问题讨论】：

JOIN。 JOIN。 JOIN。不要在FROM 子句中使用逗号。
@GordonLinoff 此查询来自基准测试。这个基准的想法是比较不同数据库的内部优化器。这就是为什么这个查询采用 FROM\WHERE 格式。
是否还有数据库不支持符合标准的连接？

标签： sql postgresql sql-execution-plan explain

【解决方案1】：

查看最后三个条件：

AND ci.movie_id = mc.movie_id
AND ci.movie_id = mk.movie_id
AND mc.movie_id = mk.movie_id;

使用movie_id，您将匹配表ci 与mc，然后将ci 与mk 匹配，因此这意味着mc 匹配mk，因此最后一个条件是多余的并且规划器理所当然地忽略它。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

JGH 回答了这个问题。

这不是答案，但这是编写连接的正确方法（INNER 不是绝对必要的，但我更喜欢显式）。 FROM table1,table2 WHERE ... 是你应该立即改掉的坏习惯。这种语法不是很灵活，甚至可以使简单的查询几乎无法阅读。

SELECT * 
  FROM aka_name AS an
 INNER
  JOIN NAME AS n
    ON an.person_id = n.id
 INNER
  JOIN cast_info AS ci
    ON an.person_id = ci.person_id
   AND n.id = ci.person_id
 INNER
  JOIN title AS T
    ON ci.movie_id = t.id
 INNER
  JOIN movie_keyword AS mk
    ON t.id = mk.movie_id
   AND ci.movie_id = mk.movie_id
 INNER
  JOIN movie_companies AS mc
    ON t.id = movie_companies.movie_id
   AND ci.movie_id = mc.movie_id
   AND mc.movie_id = mk.movie_id
 INNER
  JOIN keyword AS K
    ON mk.keyword_id = k.id
 INNER
  JOIN company_name cn
    ON mc.mc.company_id = cn.id;

【讨论】：