生成 10 位密码答案

【问题标题】：Generating a 10-digit password生成 10 位密码
【发布时间】：2022-08-17 02:33:21
【问题描述】：

所以我需要生成一个10位密码（需要使用random模块），每次都必须包含2个小写字母、2个大写字母、3个特殊符号和3个数字，所有这些都以随机顺序排列。我已经完成了随机密码生成器部分，但我不确定如何将其限制为 2 个小写字母、2 个大写字母、3 个特殊符号和 3 个数字。

这是我到目前为止所拥有的：

import random
import string
lc_letter = [\"a\",\"b\",\"c\",\"d\",\"e\",\"f\",\"g\",\"h\",\"i\",\"j\",\"k\",\"l\",\"m\",\"n\",\"o\",\"p\",\"q\",\"r\",\"s\",\"t\",\"u\",\"v\",\"w\",\"x\",\"y\",\"z\"]
uc_letter = [\"A\",\"B\",\"C\",\"D\",\"E\",\"F\",\"G\",\"H\",\"I\",\"J\",\"K\",\"L\",\"M\",\"N\",\"O\",\"P\",\"Q\",\"R\",\"S\",\"T\",\"U\",\"V\",\"W\",\"X\",\"Y\",\"Z\"]
symbols = [\"!\",\"@\",\"#\",\"$\",\"%\",\"^\",\"&\",\"*\",\"(\",\")\",\"_\",\"+\",\"=\",\"-\",\"/\",\">\",\"<\",\",\",\".\",\"?\",\"\\\\\"]
numbers = [\"0\",\"1\",\"2\",\"3\",\"4\",\"5\",\"6\",\"7\",\"8\",\"9\"]
options = [lc_letter,uc_letter,symbols,numbers]
for i in range(10):
    choice = random.choice(options)
    digit = random.choice(choice)
    print(digit, end = \'\')

好吧，您的要求加起来就是您需要的符号总数。那么为什么不从每个类别中选择所需的数量，然后将它们混在一起呢？

标签： python password-generator

【解决方案1】：

您可以使用来自string 的常量：

import random
import string

s = ""

for i in range(2):
    s = s + random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)
for i in range(2):
    s = s + random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase)
for i in range(3):
    s = s + random.choice(string.punctuation)
for i in range(3):
    s = s + random.choice(string.digits)

s = ''.join(random.sample(s, 10))

print(s)

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

我建议的另一种方法是，从大写、小写等中取出 2 个字母，然后使用 random.shuffle 方法对生成的密码进行洗牌。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

首先选择每个需要的字符，然后将它们洗牌：

from random import choice as rd
from random import shuffle
import string
lc_letter = ["a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z"]
uc_letter = ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z"]
symbols = ["!","@","#","$","%","^","&","*","(",")","_","+","=","-","/",">","<",",",".","?","\\"]
numbers = ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"]
options = [
    rd(lc_letter),
    rd(lc_letter),
    rd(uc_letter),
    rd(uc_letter),
    rd(symbols),
    rd(symbols),
    rd(symbols),
    rd(numbers),
    rd(numbers),
    rd(numbers),
]
shuffle(options)
print(''.join(options))

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

您可以使用random.choice、random.sample 和string 模块中的常量来获取随机生成的密码。

import random
import string
lc_letter = string.ascii_lowercase
uc_letter = string.ascii_uppercase
# Could use string.punctuation here, but it would be different
# as your list doesn't contain semicolons or colons,
# while string.punctuation does.
symbols = ["!","@","#","$","%","^","&","*","(",")","_","+","=","-","/",">","<",",",".","?","\\"]
numbers = string.digits

lc_selection = [random.choice(lc_letter) for _ in range(2)]
uc_selection = [random.choice(uc_letter) for _ in range(2)]
symbol_selection = [random.choice(symbols) for _ in range(3)]
number_selection = [random.choice(numbers) for _ in range(3)]
print(''.join(random.sample(lc_selection + uc_selection + symbol_selection + number_selection, 10)))

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

您实际上可以做的是制作一个长度为 10 的列表，如下所示：

dist = [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]

此列表表示您的options 列表中每个索引的分布。例如，您在选项中将小写字母放在首位，您必须选择 2 个小写值，因此分配列表中有 2 个零。

现在您可以在列表中选择一个索引：

idx = random.randint(0, len(dist))

然后，从列表中选择您的选择：options[dist[idx]]。

最后是pop 的值idx 来自dist。

dist.pop(idx)

这将以相同的概率生成所有有效密码。

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

我认为 Yevgeniy Kosmak 解决方案的更好版本（独立配置更清晰可见，循环避免代码重复，使用 choices 而不是 choice 避免循环）。

import random
import string

config = [
    (2, string.ascii_lowercase),
    (2, string.ascii_uppercase),
    (3, string.punctuation),  # or use your '!@#$%^&*()_+=-/><,.?\\'
    (3, string.digits),
]

picked = []
for k, options in config:
    picked += random.choices(options, k=k)
random.shuffle(picked)
password = ''.join(picked)

print(password)

Try it online!

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

谁能给我 cuppy.py 文件，包括这些方法编号字母和符号

【讨论】：