将spring持久化存储库注入服务层答案

【问题标题】：Inject spring persistence repository into service layer将spring持久化存储库注入服务层
【发布时间】：2018-06-22 01:12:23
【问题描述】：

我是 Spring 框架的新手，我正在尝试从我的朋友的简单应用程序开始，它将收集关于我们公司的八卦。

我无法将持久化存储库注入服务层的问题。

这是进入域的唯一类（Gossip.java）：

package ru.gossips.core.domain;

public class Gossip {
    private Long id;
    private String text;

    public Gossip() {
    }

    public Gossip(Long id, String text) {
        this.id = id;
        this.text = text;
    }

    ... getters and setters omitted
}

这是他在持久层中的兄弟类（PGossip.java）：

package ru.gossips.persistence.domain;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class PGossip {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private long id;

    private String text;

    protected PGossip() {
    }

    public PGossip(String author, String text) {
        this.text = text;
    }

    ... getters and setters omitted

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return String.format(
                "Persistence: Gossip[id=%d, text='%s']",
                id, text);
    }
}

我还有一个八卦存储库：

package ru.gossips.persistence.repository;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import ru.gossips.persistence.domain.PGossip;

public interface GossipRepository extends CrudRepository<PGossip, Long> {
}

... 和八卦服务：

package ru.gossips.core.services;

import ru.gossips.core.domain.Gossip;

import java.util.List;

public interface GossipService {
    List<Gossip> requestAllGossips();
}

它的实现：

package ru.gossips.core.services;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import ru.gossips.core.domain.Gossip;
import ru.gossips.persistence.repository.GossipRepository;
import ru.gossips.persistence.domain.PGossip;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class GossipServiceImpl implements GossipService {
    // PROBLEM HERE!!!!
    @Autowired                               
    private GossipRepository gossipRepository;

    @Override
    public List<Gossip> requestAllGossips() {

        // converting all persistence gossips to domain gossips
        final List<Gossip> gossipList = new ArrayList<Gossip>();
        for (PGossip pGossip : gossipRepository.findAll()) {
            gossipList.add(new Gossip(pGossip.getId(), pGossip.getText()));
        }

        return gossipList;
    }
}

在这里我收到了来自 IntelliJ IDEA 的警告：必须在有效的 spring bean 中定义自动装配的成员。

不过，我已经按照Spring Data Jpda Reference v 1.4.3做了所有需要做的事情：

声明一个扩展 Repository 或其子接口之一的接口并将其键入到它将处理的域类 - 完成
在接口上声明查询方法 - 我只使用 CrudRepository 提供的方法
设置 Spring 为这些接口创建代理实例 - 最困难的一步。由于我使用 Java 配置 而不是 xml 配置，因此我创建了 Persitence 配置（见下文）
获取存储库实例并使用它 - 我收到警告。

我的持久性配置：

package ru.gossips.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.Database;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

import static org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2;

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "ru.gossips.persistence.repository")
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class PersistenceConfig {
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        //todo: how to make non-embedded database?
        return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder().setType(H2).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter() {
        HibernateJpaVendorAdapter hibernateJpaVendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setShowSql(false);
        hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true);
        hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setDatabase(Database.H2);
        return hibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
    }

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new JpaTransactionManager();
    }

    @Bean
    public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();

        factory.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter());
        factory.setDataSource(dataSource());

        factory.setPackagesToScan("ru.gossips.persistence.domain");
        factory.afterPropertiesSet();

        return factory.getObject();
    }
}

我还有WebApplicationInitializer 和PersistenceConfig 中提到的getRootConfigClasses()，还有CoreConfig 和DomainConfig。然而，在花了大约一周的时间试图了解出了什么问题后，我无法摆脱一种强烈的感觉，即我错过了我的配置/代码中的一些非常愚蠢的错误。

可能出了什么问题？

提前致谢！

已添加：CoreConfig.java：

package ru.gossips.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import ru.gossips.core.services.GossipService;
import ru.gossips.core.services.GossipServiceImpl;

@Configuration
public class CoreConfig {

    @Bean
    public GossipService gossipService() {
        return new GossipServiceImpl();
    }
}

添加：这是我在部署应用程序时得到的实际堆栈跟踪：

SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'gossipService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private ru.gossips.persistence.repository.GossipRepository ru.gossips.core.services.GossipServiceImpl.gossipRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'gossipRepository': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No persistence exception translators found in bean factory. Cannot perform exception translation.
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:700)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:381)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:293)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4937)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5434)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1558)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:301)
    at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
    at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
    at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:620)
    at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:567)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:301)
    at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
    at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
    at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1487)
    at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:97)
    at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1328)
    at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1420)
    at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:848)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:322)
    at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:177)
    at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:174)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:173)
    at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:556)
    at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:811)
    at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:670)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private ru.gossips.persistence.repository.GossipRepository ru.gossips.core.services.GossipServiceImpl.gossipRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'gossipRepository': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No persistence exception translators found in bean factory. Cannot perform exception translation.
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
    ... 56 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'gossipRepository': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No persistence exception translators found in bean factory. Cannot perform exception translation.
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:547)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:957)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
    ... 58 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No persistence exception translators found in bean factory. Cannot perform exception translation.
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.detectPersistenceExceptionTranslators(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:142)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.setBeanFactory(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:118)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationRepositoryProxyPostProcessor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationRepositoryProxyPostProcessor.java:44)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.TransactionalRepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.setBeanFactory(TransactionalRepositoryFactoryBeanSupport.java:85)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1572)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1540)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
    ... 67 more

解决方案：

非常感谢@RC 的解决方案。

简短的解决方案：将此 bean 添加到您的配置中：

@Bean
public HibernateExceptionTranslator hibernateExceptionTranslator(){
    return new HibernateExceptionTranslator();
}

解决方案说明：link

【问题讨论】：

你如何向 Spring 介绍 GossipServiceImpl 类？你通常会在GossipServiceImpl 上有一个@Component 或@Service（现在，完全等效）注释。我没有看到您明确告诉 Spring 创建一个 GossipServiceImpl bean 的任何地方，而 IntelliJ 可能会弄清楚这一点并警告您。
@chrylis 我在 CoreConfig 中注册了这个 bean（刚刚将代码添加到消息中）。之后我将GossipServiceImpl 注入网络层。但是，我的问题是GossipRepository，而不是GossipServiceImpl。
没关系 IntelliJ.. 实际的堆栈跟踪显示是什么？
stackoverflow.com/questions/8434712/… 可能
@Kite，有点友好的建议，下次尝试用谷歌搜索异常。 :)

标签： java spring spring-data-jpa

【解决方案1】：

在接口 GossipRepository 上添加@Repository，因为它会将其标记为 Spring 框架中的存储库 bean，并将由 Spring 容器处理。

还在服务类和接口上添加@Component，例如在你的问题中 GossipService 和 GossipServiceImpl 向 spring 容器注册类

【讨论】：