从 maven 但不是从 Intellij 执行时测试失败答案

【问题标题】：Tests fail when executed from maven but not from Intellij从 maven 但不是从 Intellij 执行时测试失败
【发布时间】：2017-07-29 11:48:55
【问题描述】：

我正在使用 JUnit、PowerMock、Spring Test 和内存中的 H2 数据库编写单元测试。当我从 Intellij 运行测试时，一切运行正常。但是当我从 maven（从 Intellij 或从命令行）运行测试时，它们失败了。

这是我的配置：

   @EnableTransactionManagement
   @EnableJpaRepositories("my.app.repository")
   public class ApplicationTestConfiguration {
      @Bean
      public SimpleDriverDataSource dataSource() {
         SimpleDriverDataSource simpleDriverDataSource = new SimpleDriverDataSource();
         simpleDriverDataSource.setDriverClass(org.h2.Driver.class);
         simpleDriverDataSource.setUrl("jdbc:h2:mem:./ScenarioService;DATABASE_TO_UPPER=false;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1");
         simpleDriverDataSource.setUsername("sa");
         simpleDriverDataSource.setPassword("sa");
         return simpleDriverDataSource;
      }
      (...)
      private Properties hibernateProperties() {
         Properties props = new Properties();
         props.setProperty("hibernate.dialect","org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
         props.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create-drop");
         props.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql","true");
         return props;
      }
   }

这是一个示例测试：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {WebAppInitializer.class,ApplicationTestConfiguration.class, DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class})
@FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)
@DirtiesContext(classMode = DirtiesContext.ClassMode.AFTER_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
public final class ReadTicketsTest {

    @Autowired //this is a spring JPARepository
    protected TestRepository testRepository;

    @Before
    public void init() {
         testRepository.save(engineConfig);
    }

    @Test
    public void ticketShouldBeRead() {
        //assertion code
    }
}

当我从 intelliJ 运行测试并且它们成功时，在休眠日志中我看到如下内容：

Hibernate: drop table EngineConfigs if exists
Hibernate: create table EngineConfigs (id binary(16) not null, created datetime(6) DEFAULT NULL, customData MEDIUMTEXT, customerId binary(16) not null, signature varchar(255), signatureVersion integer, updated datetime(6) DEFAULT NULL, advancedConfiguration TEXT, engineConfigName varchar(255) not null, engineServiceName varchar(255) not null, locked boolean, probabilityMaximum integer not null, primary key (id))
Hibernate: select engineconf0_.id as id1_1_1_, engineconf0_.created as created2_1_1_, engineconf0_.customData as customDa3_1_1_, engineconf0_.customerId as customer4_1_1_, engineconf0_.signature as signatur5_1_1_, engineconf0_.signatureVersion as signatur6_1_1_, engineconf0_.updated as updated7_1_1_, engineconf0_.advancedConfiguration as advanced8_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineConfigName as engineCo9_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineServiceName as engineS10_1_1_, engineconf0_.locked as locked11_1_1_, engineconf0_.probabilityMaximum as probabi12_1_1_, accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id as EngineCo1_1_3_, accumulato2_.id as accumula2_2_3_, accumulato2_.id as id1_0_0_, accumulato2_.created as created2_0_0_, accumulato2_.customData as customDa3_0_0_, accumulato2_.customerId as customer4_0_0_, accumulato2_.signature as signatur5_0_0_, accumulato2_.signatureVersion as signatur6_0_0_, accumulato2_.updated as updated7_0_0_, accumulato2_.accumulatorNumber as accumula8_0_0_, accumulato2_.description as descript9_0_0_, accumulato2_.engineConfig_id as engineC12_0_0_, accumulato2_.numberOfHits as numberO10_0_0_, accumulato2_.prize as prize11_0_0_ from EngineConfigs engineconf0_ left outer join EngineConfigs_Accumulators accumulato1_ on engineconf0_.id=accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id left outer join Accumulators accumulato2_ on accumulato1_.accumulators_id=accumulato2_.id where engineconf0_.id=?
Hibernate: insert into EngineConfigs (created, customData, customerId, signature, signatureVersion, updated, advancedConfiguration, engineConfigName, engineServiceName, locked, probabilityMaximum, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: drop table EngineConfigs if exists

这是有道理的，因为预计它将创建数据库，执行测试（因此插入），然后由于@DirtiesContextAnnotation 而删除所有表。但是当我从 maven 运行测试时，在休眠日志中我看到如下内容：

Hibernate: drop table EngineConfigs if exists
Hibernate: create table EngineConfigs (id binary(16) not null, created datetime(6) DEFAULT NULL, customData MEDIUMTEXT, customerId binary(16) not null, signature varchar(255), signatureVersion integer, updated datetime(6) DEFAULT NULL, advancedConfiguration TEXT, engineConfigName varchar(255) not null, engineServiceName varchar(255) not null, locked boolean, probabilityMaximum integer not null, primary key (id))
Hibernate: select engineconf0_.id as id1_1_1_, engineconf0_.created as created2_1_1_, engineconf0_.customData as customDa3_1_1_, engineconf0_.customerId as customer4_1_1_, engineconf0_.signature as signatur5_1_1_, engineconf0_.signatureVersion as signatur6_1_1_, engineconf0_.updated as updated7_1_1_, engineconf0_.advancedConfiguration as advanced8_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineConfigName as engineCo9_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineServiceName as engineS10_1_1_, engineconf0_.locked as locked11_1_1_, engineconf0_.probabilityMaximum as probabi12_1_1_, accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id as EngineCo1_1_3_, accumulato2_.id as accumula2_2_3_, accumulato2_.id as id1_0_0_, accumulato2_.created as created2_0_0_, accumulato2_.customData as customDa3_0_0_, accumulato2_.customerId as customer4_0_0_, accumulato2_.signature as signatur5_0_0_, accumulato2_.signatureVersion as signatur6_0_0_, accumulato2_.updated as updated7_0_0_, accumulato2_.accumulatorNumber as accumula8_0_0_, accumulato2_.description as descript9_0_0_, accumulato2_.engineConfig_id as engineC12_0_0_, accumulato2_.numberOfHits as numberO10_0_0_, accumulato2_.prize as prize11_0_0_ from EngineConfigs engineconf0_ left outer join EngineConfigs_Accumulators accumulato1_ on engineconf0_.id=accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id left outer join Accumulators accumulato2_ on accumulato1_.accumulators_id=accumulato2_.id where engineconf0_.id=?
Hibernate: drop table EngineConfigs if exists

后面是实际错误：

org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException: could not prepare statement; SQL [select engineconf0_.id as id1_1_1_, engineconf0_.created as created2_1_1_, engineconf0_.customData as customDa3_1_1_, engineconf0_.customerId as customer4_1_1_, engineconf0_.signature as signatur5_1_1_, engineconf0_.signatureVersion as signatur6_1_1_, engineconf0_.updated as updated7_1_1_, engineconf0_.advancedConfiguration as advanced8_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineConfigName as engineCo9_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineServiceName as engineS10_1_1_, engineconf0_.locked as locked11_1_1_, engineconf0_.probabilityMaximum as probabi12_1_1_, accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id as EngineCo1_1_3_, accumulato2_.id as accumula2_2_3_, accumulato2_.id as id1_0_0_, accumulato2_.created as created2_0_0_, accumulato2_.customData as customDa3_0_0_, accumulato2_.customerId as customer4_0_0_, accumulato2_.signature as signatur5_0_0_, accumulato2_.signatureVersion as signatur6_0_0_, accumulato2_.updated as updated7_0_0_, accumulato2_.accumulatorNumber as accumula8_0_0_, accumulato2_.description as descript9_0_0_, accumulato2_.engineConfig_id as engineC12_0_0_, accumulato2_.numberOfHits as numberO10_0_0_, accumulato2_.prize as prize11_0_0_ from EngineConfigs engineconf0_ left outer join EngineConfigs_Accumulators accumulato1_ on engineconf0_.id=accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id left outer join Accumulators accumulato2_ on accumulato1_.accumulators_id=accumulato2_.id where engineconf0_.id=?]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not prepare statement
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:172)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:155)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:417)
at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:59)
at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:213)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:147)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodIntercceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:122)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy64.save(Unknown Source)
at com.twelve40.gameengine.scenario.ScenarioServiceTest.init(ScenarioServiceTest.java:138)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:73)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:73)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:224)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:83)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:68)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:163)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner$2.call(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:148)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner$2.call(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:140)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner.withContextClassLoader(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:131)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner.run(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:140)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:121)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:59)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not prepare statement
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLStateConversionDelegate.convert(SQLStateConversionDelegate.java:123)
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:126)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:196)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl.prepareQueryStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:160)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.prepareQueryStatement(Loader.java:1885)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1862)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1839)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:910)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:355)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:325)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.loadEntity(Loader.java:2149)
at org.hibernate.loader.entity.AbstractEntityLoader.load(AbstractEntityLoader.java:78)
at org.hibernate.loader.entity.AbstractEntityLoader.load(AbstractEntityLoader.java:68)
at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.load(AbstractEntityPersister.java:4126)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultLoadEventListener.loadFromDatasource(DefaultLoadEventListener.java:503)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultLoadEventListener.doLoad(DefaultLoadEventListener.java:468)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultLoadEventListener.load(DefaultLoadEventListener.java:213)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultLoadEventListener.proxyOrLoad(DefaultLoadEventListener.java:275)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultLoadEventListener.onLoad(DefaultLoadEventListener.java:151)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.fireLoad(SessionImpl.java:1070)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.access$2000(SessionImpl.java:176)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl$IdentifierLoadAccessImpl.load(SessionImpl.java:2551)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.get(SessionImpl.java:960)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultMergeEventListener.entityIsDetached(DefaultMergeEventListener.java:306)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultMergeEventListener.onMerge(DefaultMergeEventListener.java:186)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultMergeEventListener.onMerge(DefaultMergeEventListener.java:85)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.fireMerge(SessionImpl.java:876)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.merge(SessionImpl.java:858)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.merge(SessionImpl.java:863)
at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.merge(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1196)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:291)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy58.merge(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.save(SimpleJpaRepository.java:434)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.executeMethodOn(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:414)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:399)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:371)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:61)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:281)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:136)
... 50 more
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Table "EngineConfigs" not found; SQL statement:
select engineconf0_.id as id1_1_1_, engineconf0_.created as created2_1_1_, engineconf0_.customData as customDa3_1_1_, engineconf0_.customerId as customer4_1_1_, engineconf0_.signature as signatur5_1_1_, engineconf0_.signatureVersion as signatur6_1_1_, engineconf0_.updated as updated7_1_1_, engineconf0_.advancedConfiguration as advanced8_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineConfigName as engineCo9_1_1_, engineconf0_.engineServiceName as engineS10_1_1_, engineconf0_.locked as locked11_1_1_, engineconf0_.probabilityMaximum as probabi12_1_1_, accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id as EngineCo1_1_3_, accumulato2_.id as accumula2_2_3_, accumulato2_.id as id1_0_0_, accumulato2_.created as created2_0_0_, accumulato2_.customData as customDa3_0_0_, accumulato2_.customerId as customer4_0_0_, accumulato2_.signature as signatur5_0_0_, accumulato2_.signatureVersion as signatur6_0_0_, accumulato2_.updated as updated7_0_0_, accumulato2_.accumulatorNumber as accumula8_0_0_, accumulato2_.description as descript9_0_0_, accumulato2_.engineConfig_id as engineC12_0_0_, accumulato2_.numberOfHits as numberO10_0_0_, accumulato2_.prize as prize11_0_0_ from EngineConfigs engineconf0_ left outer join EngineConfigs_Accumulators accumulato1_ on engineconf0_.id=accumulato1_.EngineConfigs_id left outer join Accumulators accumulato2_ on accumulato1_.accumulators_id=accumulato2_.id where engineconf0_.id=? [42102-193]
at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:345)
at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:179)
at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:155)
at org.h2.command.Parser.readTableOrView(Parser.java:5389)
at org.h2.command.Parser.readTableFilter(Parser.java:1257)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parseSelectSimpleFromPart(Parser.java:1897)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parseSelectSimple(Parser.java:2045)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parseSelectSub(Parser.java:1891)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parseSelectUnion(Parser.java:1709)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parseSelect(Parser.java:1697)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parsePrepared(Parser.java:445)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:317)
at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:289)
at org.h2.command.Parser.prepareCommand(Parser.java:254)
at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareLocal(Session.java:561)
at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareCommand(Session.java:502)
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareCommand(JdbcConnection.java:1203)
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcPreparedStatement.<init>(JdbcPreparedStatement.java:73)
at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareStatement(JdbcConnection.java:287)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$5.doPrepare(StatementPreparerImpl.java:162)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:186)
... 99 more

如果我从连接 URL 中删除参数 ;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1 并从 IntelliJ 运行测试，则会发生此错误。但是使用参数，测试可以从 IntelliJ 工作，但不能来自 maven！我不知道是什么原因造成的，AFAIK maven 不应该影响测试的执行。似乎在执行测试之前关闭了与数据库的连接。救命！

【问题讨论】：

我认为这应该是因为 Maven 目标。您是否尝试过 mvn clean install 测试？我在使用 powermock 时遇到了类似的问题，这是由于 maven 目标造成的。
@itsme.cvk 不，正如您在我自己接受的答案中看到的那样，问题与此无关:)

标签： java maven junit h2 spring-test

【解决方案1】：

似乎根本问题是找不到表：

Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Table "EngineConfigs" not found; SQL statement:

也许当您在 Maven 中运行测试时，您的数据库配置参数（URL 等）与代码中指定的参数（jdbc:h2:mem:./ScenarioService;DATABASE_TO_UPPER=false;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1 等）不同。

我会尝试找出一些 application.properties 文件（例如位于 src\test\resources 上的文件）是否在 Maven 执行中覆盖了这些参数。

【讨论】：

不，没有其他数据库配置参数。

【解决方案2】：

问题出在我正在使用的库上。由于我已将库项目加载到 IntelliJ 中，因此当我手动运行测试时，正在使用库代码。但是 Maven 使用了 .m2 存储库中的库，该库没有最新的 .jar。这个过时的 jar 导致创建表 EngineConfigs 失败。如果有人遇到同样的问题，一个有用的技巧是从数据库连接 URL 中删除 ":mem" 并检查运行测试时生成的 *.trace.db 文件。该跟踪文件将为您提供有关真正潜在问题的信息。

【讨论】：

我有一个多模块项目，我的 .m2 中的 jar 之一已过时。我为整个项目重新运行“mvn clean install -DskipTests”，然后重新运行“mvn clean test”，这次测试通过了。

【解决方案3】：

FWIW，其他要查看的是在 Intellij 中用作“项目 SDK”的 Java 版本与您在 CLI/shell 中使用的 Java 版本。对我来说，项目使用的是 1.8，shell 使用的是 14。从 Maven 插件运行安装一切正常，但是 shell 中的一些测试失败了。我将 JAVA_HOME 指向 JDK 8，测试全部通过。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

在我的情况下，问题实际上是关于并行与串行运行测试，但我认为这是 Maven/IntelliJ 的区别，因为在 IntelliJ 中，接口使得一次调试一个测试变得最容易，而 mvn 命令使它一次运行所有测试很容易。一旦我在 Maven 中使用了测试的remote debugging，它就通过了，所以我认为这是“调试”与“运行”的区别，然后我记得我打开了 JUnit 并行测试执行并且在我的使用 Mockito 进行测试。

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

我遇到了同样的问题，发现 Intellij 有一些不属于 .m2 的罐子。通过maven上的错误日志，能够检测到不匹配

我覆盖 IntelliJ 配置以使用 .m2 作为本地存储库

首选项->构建工具->Maven

【讨论】：