使用 glib 将数据写入文件

Question

我有一个代码，它使用 g_file_set_contents 在文件中写入多个长度为 <length> 的字符。当我打开文件时，我看到一些奇怪的字符，它们似乎是 ASCII 码，例如 @&@@。我假设数据可能以 ASCII 格式写入，从二进制转换，所以我使用了一个函数将 ASCII 转换为二进制。执行后我仍然没有得到任何解决方案。
这是代码

#include <glib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char** argv) 
{

 FILE *file = g_fopen("Multicore","w");
 gchar *contents = 00001111;
 gchar **contents1 = NULL;
 GError *err = NULL;
 g_file_set_contents ("Multicore", &contents, 8, &err);
 g_assert ((contents == NULL && err != NULL) || (contents != NULL && err == NULL));
 if (err != NULL)
  {
    g_assert (contents == NULL);
    fprintf (stderr, "Unable to read file: %s\n", err->message);
    g_error_free (err);
  } 
 else
  {
    g_assert (contents != NULL);
  }
  int p = g_ascii_digit_value(contents);
  if (g_ascii_isdigit (contents))
    return contents - '0';
  return -1;
  g_printf(" The output is %c \n", contents);
  return 0;
}

我得到正确的输出

输出为 00001111

Answer 1

你确实有很多错误。如建议的那样，使用警告进行编译将有助于将您的注意力引导到需要修复的内容上。首先解决最重要的问题（编译器无法找到g_fopen），例如：

debug.c:12:2: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘g_fopen’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
  FILE *file = g_fopen("Multicore","w");
  ^
debug.c:12:15: warning: initialization makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default]
  FILE *file = g_fopen("Multicore","w");
           ^

这告诉您缺少包含文件。快速检查会告诉您包括：`

#include <glib-object.h>
#include <glib/gstdio.h>

修复包含后，您会发现一些额外的警告需要解决：

debug.c: In function ‘main’:
debug.c:13:20: warning: initialization makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default]
gchar *contents = 00001111;
                    ^
debug.c:16:2: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘g_file_set_contents’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
g_file_set_contents ("Multicore", &contents, 8, &err);
^
In file included from /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib.h:50:0,
                from debug.c:1:
/usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gfileutils.h:91:10: note: expected ‘const gchar *’ but argument is of type ‘gchar **’
gboolean g_file_set_contents (const gchar *filename,
        ^
debug.c:28:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘g_ascii_digit_value’ makes integer from pointer without a cast [enabled by default]
int p = g_ascii_digit_value(contents);
^
In file included from /usr/include/glib-2.0/glib.h:81:0,
                from debug.c:1:
/usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gstrfuncs.h:96:23: note: expected ‘gchar’ but argument is of type ‘gchar *’
gint                  g_ascii_digit_value  (gchar    c) G_GNUC_CONST;
                    ^
/usr/include/glib-2.0/glib/gstrfuncs.h:67:19: warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size [-Wpointer-to-int-cast]
((g_ascii_table[(guchar) (c)] & G_ASCII_DIGIT) != 0)
                ^
debug.c:29:7: note: in expansion of macro ‘g_ascii_isdigit’
if (g_ascii_isdigit (contents))
    ^
debug.c:30:5: warning: return makes integer from pointer without a cast [enabled by default]
    return contents - '0';
    ^
debug.c:32:3: warning: format ‘%c’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘gchar *’ [-Wformat=]
g_printf(" The output is %c \n", contents);
^

依次解决每个问题会让您的程序编译时只警告未使用的变量，这不会影响其操作：

#include <glib.h>
#include <glib-object.h>
#include <glib/gstdio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int main (int argc, char **argv)
{

    FILE *file = g_fopen ("Multicore", "w");
    gchar *contents = "00001111";
    gchar **contents1 = NULL;
    GError *err = NULL;
    g_file_set_contents ("Multicore", contents, 8, &err);
    g_assert ((contents == NULL && err != NULL)
            || (contents != NULL && err == NULL));
    if (err != NULL) {
        g_assert (contents == NULL);
        fprintf (stderr, "Unable to read file: %s\n", err->message);
        g_error_free (err);
    } else {
        g_assert (contents != NULL);
    }
    int p = g_ascii_digit_value (*contents);
    if (g_ascii_isdigit (*contents))
        return *contents - '0';
    return -1;
    g_printf (" The output is %c \n", *contents);
    return 0;
}

使用

$ ./bin/debug

输出

$ cat Multicore
00001111

根据需要，没有额外或奇怪的字符。

启用警告的完整编译字符串

我正在使用的笔记本电脑（openSuSE 13.1）上的完整编译字符串使用pkg-config 来保护必要的包含/库路径以及库本身。使用的编译字符串是：

gcc -Wall -Wextra -Ofast -o bin/debug debug.c \
`pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0`

如果您没有pkgconfig，则扩展的完整编译字符串（为了便于阅读而插入行继续）将是：

gcc -Wall -Wextra -Ofast -o bin/debug debug.c -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 \
-I/usr/lib64/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 \
-I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libdrm \
-I/usr/include/libpng16 -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/libpng16 \
-I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/harfbuzz -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 \
-I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 \
-lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -latk-1.0 -lcairo -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 \
-lgio-2.0 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lpango-1.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lfontconfig \
-lfreetype