C# - 更改从串口接收的数据格式

Question

我正在制作一个 C# 表单应用程序，该应用程序接收来自以波特率 2400、无奇偶校验、8 位数据、1 个停止位进行通信的仪器的数据。 数据以 [000000][000000][000000] 形式出现在连续的字符串行中。例如，如果在一个过程中，仪器上的读数变化为 0.50,0.49,0.72,0.61,0.48，那么接收到的数据字符串将为 [000050][000049][000072][000061][000048]，这就是它目前正在文本框中显示。

我需要以正确的格式将程序期间达到的最大值显示到文本框中，例如在本例中它应该是 0.72。我不知道代码是什么。

下面是我目前的串口通信代码。

    public Form2()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void Form2_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {

    }

    private void Main_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
    }
    
   //this is the button to open port.
    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        button1.Enabled = false;
        button2.Enabled = true;
        try
        {
            serialPort1.PortName = comboBox1.Text;
            serialPort1.Open();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "Message", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
        }
    }

    
    //Event handler for data received.
    private void DataReceivedHandler(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
    {
        SerialPort sp = (SerialPort)sender;
        string indata = sp.ReadExisting();
        Regex rx = new Regex(@"\[(\d+)\]");
        double.TryParse(richTextBox2.Text, out double max);
        foreach (Match match in rx.Matches(indata))
        {
            double val = int.Parse(match.Groups[1].Value) / 100.0;
            if (val > max)
                max = val;
        }
        richTextBox2.Text = max.ToString();
    }
    


    private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        

    }

    //this is the button to close port
    private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        button1.Enabled = true;
        button2.Enabled = false;
        try
        {
            serialPort1.Close();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "Message", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
        }
    }

    private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
        {
            serialPort1.DataReceived += DataReceivedHandler;
        }
        else
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Error : Port needs to be open or wrong port selected!");
        }
        
    }   


    private void Form2_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
    {
        if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
            serialPort1.Close();
    }


    private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        string[] ports = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
        comboBox1.Items.AddRange(ports);
        comboBox1.SelectedIndex = 0;
        button2.Enabled = false;

    }

Answer 1

所以你想在每次有数据处理的时候处理数据对吧？

如果您使用的是“System.IO.Ports”，并且您的 serialPort1 是 SerialPort 类型，则您可以使用“DataReceived”事件。因此，在您实例化 serialPort1 之后，您可以：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    button1.Enabled = false;
    button2.Enabled = true;
    try
    {
        //check and set the settings of your device
        serialPort1 = new SerialPort
        {
            PortName = comboBox1.Text,
            BaudRate = 2400,
            Parity = Parity.None,
            StopBits = StopBits.Odd,
            DataBits = 8,
            Handshake = Handshake.None,
            RtsEnable = true
        };

        serialPort1.DataReceived += DataReceivedHandler;
        serialPort1.Open();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "Message", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
    }
}

然后你只需要声明事件处理程序，如下所示：

private void DataReceivedHandler(object sender,SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
    SerialPort sp = (SerialPort)sender;
    string indata = sp.ReadExisting();
    Regex rx = new Regex(@"\[(\d+)\]");
    double.TryParse(textBox13.Text, out double max);
    foreach (Match match in rx.Matches(indata))
    {
        double val = int.Parse(match.Groups[1].Value) / 100.0;
        if (val > max)
            max = val;
    }
    textBox13.Text = max .ToString();
}

这将比较接收到的值和文本框中的当前值。

Answer 2

如果我理解您的格式要求正确，您基本上希望从每个数字的前面删除零，然后比较它们以找到最大值并以 x.xx 的格式显示它们如果是这种情况，请创建一个单独的方法来处理它：

    private decimal GetMaxReading(string rawReadingData)
    {
        decimal maxReading = 0;
        var readings = rawReadingData.Split('[',).ToList();

        foreach (var reading in readings)
        {
            var readingString = reading.TrimStart('0')
                                       .TrimEnd(']');

            var isInt = int.TryParse(readingString, out int readingValue);
            var value = isInt ? (decimal)readingValue / 100 : 0;
            maxReading = value > maxReading ? value : maxReading;
        }

        return maxReading;
    }