如何根据字符串更改获取组件类？答案

【问题标题】：how to change a get component class base on string?如何根据字符串更改获取组件类？
【发布时间】：2021-01-26 12:49:51
【问题描述】：

所以我尝试使用已通过参数传递到 slot.GetComponent().level++ 的 compToGet 字符串；

upgradeFoundation() 将在按钮单击时调用。并且实际上有很多具有类似功能的按钮（例如：upgradeTurret()、upgradeTurret2() 等）这就是为什么我试图根据您单击的按钮更改 compToget 字符串的值并使用该新字符串以该新字符串的名称获取组件，但它似乎不能那样工作并且我不知道它会如何以任何其他方式工作，任何帮助将不胜感激。

    public void upgradeFoundation()
    {
        float upgFoundationCost = slotGroup.transform.Find(slotName).gameObject.GetComponent<Slot>().upgFoundationCost;
        Upgrade(upgFoundationCost, "Foundation");
    }

    public void Upgrade(float upgCost, string compToGet)
    {
        GameObject slot = slotGroup.transform.Find(slotName).gameObject;

        if (inGameUIManagerScript.money >= upgCost)
        {
            Type compToGetType = Type.GetType(compToGet); //im not sure how to convert a string into a type
            slot.GetComponent<compToGetType>().level++; //this is the error line saying im treating a var like a type
        }

    }

提前谢谢你。

【问题讨论】：

标签： c# unity3d

【解决方案1】：

与您的previous question 完全相同的问题 => 您不能使用泛型！ 而是使用GetComponent(compToGetType);

但是我删除了重复项，因为您仍然需要将 cast 转换为您的实际类型，这绝不是微不足道的！

=> 再次我只能推荐：不要使用字符串！

而是有一个通用的基类或接口，例如

public abstract class BaseComponent : MonoBehaviour
{
    private int level;
    // public read-only access
    public int Level => level;

    public virtual void Upgrade()
    {
        level++;
    }

    // Other properties and methods all your components have in common
    // Also get into "virtual" and "abstract" members!
}

并从中继承你的东西

public class Foundation : BaseComponent
{
    // Additional stuff specific to the foundation
    // overrides for the virtual and abstract members
}

public class Turret : BaseComponent
{
    // Additional stuff specific to the turret
    // overrides for the virtual and abstract members
}

//Maybe this would even inherit from Turret instead?
public class Turret2 : BaseComponent
{
    // Additional stuff specific to the turret2
    // overrides for the virtual and abstract members
}

最后改用那个公共基础：

public void UpgradeComponent()
{
    slot.GetComponent<BaseComponent>().Upgrade();
}

【讨论】：