解决方案
from operator import itemgetter
from typing import List, Dict, Union
def subdict(d: Union[Dict, List], columns: List[str]) -> Union[Dict, List[Dict]]:
"""Return a dict or list of dicts with subset of
columns from the d argument.
"""
getter = itemgetter(*columns)
if isinstance(d, list):
result = []
for subset in map(getter, d):
record = dict(zip(columns, subset))
result.append(record)
return result
elif isinstance(d, dict):
return dict(zip(columns, getter(d)))
raise ValueError('Unsupported type for `d`')
使用示例
# pure dict
d = dict(a=1, b=2, c=3)
print(subdict(d, ['a', 'c']))
>>> In [5]: {'a': 1, 'c': 3}
# list of dicts
d = [
dict(a=1, b=2, c=3),
dict(a=2, b=4, c=6),
dict(a=4, b=8, c=12),
]
print(subdict(d, ['a', 'c']))
>>> In [5]: [{'a': 1, 'c': 3}, {'a': 2, 'c': 6}, {'a': 4, 'c': 12}]