MS-DOS 批处理脚本：赋值操作

Question

我指的是下面的威胁Batch files: How to read a file?。用于从文本文件中逐行检索。我正在使用以下脚本：

@echo off
SETLOCAL DisableDelayedExpansion
FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%a in (`"findstr /n ^^ paths.txt"`) do (
    set "var=%%a"
    SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
    set "var=!var:*:=!"
    echo !var!
    ENDLOCAL
)

代码运行良好！ !var! 中的值不能分配给任何变量。 :( 我在那里构造，请任何人帮助逐行阅读，我希望分配给某个变量并想要操纵该变量。请帮助解决这种情况。

更新：

@ECHO off

CLS

SET PROJ_DIR=D:\workspace\proj
SET PROMO_DIR=D:\TEST
SET SOURCE_CODE=\Source Code

SETLOCAL DisableDelayedExpansion
for /f %%a in (paths.txt) do (
    SET "var=%%a"
    SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
    set "var=!var:*:=!"
    set FILE_PATH=!var://www.domain.com/path/dir=!
    SET FILE_PATH=!FILE_PATH:/=\!
    SET PROMO_FILE_PATH=!PROMO_DIR!!SOURCE_CODE!!FILE_PATH! 
    FOR %%i IN ("!PROMO_FILE_PATH!") DO SET FOLDER_PATH=%%~dpi
    FOR %%i IN ("!PROMO_FILE_PATH!") DO SET FILE_NAME=%%~nxi
    IF EXIST "!FOLDER_PATH!" GOTO F3
        MKDIR "!FOLDER_PATH!"
    :F3
    IF NOT EXIST "!PROJ_DIR!!FILE_PATH!" GOTO F4
        COPY "!PROJ_DIR!!FILE_PATH!" "!FOLDER_PATH!"
    :F4
        ECHO Cannot find the file under "!PROJ_DIR!!FILE_PATH!"

    ENDLOCAL
)

SET CLOSE_CONFIRM=
SET /P CLOSE_CONFIRM=Press any key to close the window...%=%

paths.txt

//www.domain.com/path/dir/dir1/dir2/file1.txt 
//www.domain.com/path/dir/dir1/dir2/file2.txt 
//www.domain.com/path/dir/dir1/dir2/file3.txt 
//www.domain.com/path/dir/dir1/dir2/file4.txt 
//www.domain.com/path/dir/dir1/dir3/file1.txt

命令输出

        1 file(s) copied.
Cannot find the file under "D:\workspace\proj\dir1\dir2\file1.txt"
        1 file(s) copied.
Cannot find the file under "D:\workspace\proj\dir1\dir2\file2.txt"
Press any key to close the window...

谢谢..

Answer 1

关键是延迟扩展，始终使用!而不是%扩展括号内的变量。

将X 更改为Y 的示例

@echo off
SETLOCAL DisableDelayedExpansion
FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%a in (`"findstr /n ^^ paths.txt"`) do (
    set "var=%%a"
    SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
    set "var=!var:*:=!"
    set "myVar=!var!"
    set "myVar=!myVar:X=Y!"
    echo X replaced with Y =!myVar! 
    ENDLOCAL
)

在您的更新版本中，goto :label 会立即停止 for 循环

最好将其重写为 IF-Blocks

IF NOT EXIST "!FOLDER_PATH!" (
  MKDIR "!FOLDER_PATH!"
)
IF EXIST "!PROJ_DIR!!FILE_PATH!" (
    COPY "!PROJ_DIR!!FILE_PATH!" "!FOLDER_PATH!"
) ELSE
(
    ECHO Cannot find the file under "!PROJ_DIR!!FILE_PATH!"
)

Answer 2

这里的其他答案涵盖了此代码中延迟扩展的棘手部分。我想补充一点，您通常可以通过将括号滚动到子例程中来避免大多数延迟扩展问题。

FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%a in (`"findstr /n ^^ paths.txt"`) do call :HandlePath %%a
goto :eof

================
:HandlePath
set "var=%*"
set "var=%var:*:=%"
echo %var%
goto :eof

我发现这段代码更容易维护，因为每一行都在你期望的时候被解析和执行。

Answer 3

如果您想读取每一行并对其进行操作：

SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
FOR /F "tokens=*" %%a IN (paths.txt) DO (
set var=%%a
ECHO %var%
PAUSE
)
ENDLOCAL

如果您尝试从文件中搜索字符串并对其进行操作：

SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
FOR /F "tokens=* usebackq" %%a IN (`FIND /I 'string to search for' "C:\folder\paths.txt"`) DO (
set var=%%a
ECHO %var%
PAUSE
)
ENDLOCAL

如果您尝试搜索字符串并操作字符串中的每个单词：

SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1-999 delims= " %%a IN (`FIND /I 'string to search for' "C:\folder\paths.txt"`) DO (
REM %%a = first word  %%b = second word etc. through the alphabet
set var1=%%a%%b%%c
set var2=%%d
ser var3=%%e
ECHO %var1% %var2% %var3%
PAUSE
)
ENDLOCAL

Answer 4

这对我有用：

@echo off
SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion

FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%a in (`"findstr /n ^^ paths.txt"`) do (
set var=%%a
set var=!var:*:=!
echo !var!
)
ENDLOCAL