INSERT 与外键冲突 - SQL Server 错误？

Question

更新：在 SQL Server 2008 上运行时不会发生此问题。所以这对于 SQL Server 2000 来说有些奇怪（或错误）。

我尝试在 SQL Server 2000 上进行简单的插入：

INSERT INTO UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
  SELECT UserId, Id
  FROM Addresses

我明白了：

INSERT 语句与 COLUMN FOREIGN KEY 约束 'FK569ABB5045EE0940'。冲突 发生在数据库“订单”表中 “地址”，“ID”列。

我很清楚这意味着什么，但我不明白为什么会发生冲突 - 请注意，我从 Addresses 表中插入了 ID，所以它们确实存在！为什么 SQL Server 在 Addresses 表的外键端找不到它们？我应该做傻事吗

SELECT * FROM Addresses 
WHERE Id NOT IN (SELECT Id FROM Addresses)

还是什么？

更多信息：ID 是 GUID，数据来自旧数据库（导入）。首先我填充地址，然后尝试插入用户地址。如果我做 SELECT TOP 100 ... 它可以工作...所以这是一些记录的问题，但我不明白为什么会发生。

CREATE TABLE [Addresses] (
    [Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL ,
     PRIMARY KEY  CLUSTERED ([Id])  ON [PRIMARY] ,
) ON [PRIMARY]
CREATE TABLE [Users] (
    [Id] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL ,
     PRIMARY KEY  CLUSTERED ([Id])  ON [PRIMARY] 
) ON [PRIMARY]
CREATE TABLE [UserAddresses] (
    [UserId] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL ,
    [AddressId] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL ,
    CONSTRAINT [FK569ABB5045EE0940] FOREIGN KEY 
    (
        [AddressId]
    ) REFERENCES [Addresses] (
        [Id]
    ),
    CONSTRAINT [UserAddressesToAddressFK] FOREIGN KEY 
    (
        [UserId]
    ) REFERENCES [Users] (
        [Id]
    )
) ON [PRIMARY]
ALTER TABLE Addresses ADD UserId UNIQUEIDENTIFIER
INSERT INTO Addresses (UserId, Id)
SELECT legacy_userid, legacy_single_useraddressid -- both are guids
FROM LegacyUsers INNER JOIN LegacyAddresses

更新：我刚刚完成，没有错误（查询批处理完成）：

DECLARE c CURSOR FOR SELECT UserId, Id FROM Addresses
OPEN c
DECLARE @uid UNIQUEIDENTIFIER, @aid UNIQUEIDENTIFIER
FETCH NEXT FROM c INTO @uid, @aid
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
   PRINT @aid
   INSERT INTO UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
   VALUES (@uid, @aid)
FETCH NEXT FROM c INTO @uid, @aid
END
CLOSE c
DEALLOCATE c

我想知道为什么在 foreach 游标工作时 INSERT 失败...

更新：哎呀，游标完成后，INSERT 也可以工作。但它永远不会独立工作。这是我的工作：

1. 运行导入脚本以填充地址表
2. 手动运行 INSERT - 失败
3. 手动运行 CURSOR - 有效
4. 从用户地址中删除
5. 手动运行 INSERT - 现在可以使用了

这是魔法还是我完全是个白痴错过了什么？

更新：如果我这样做了

ALTER TABLE UserAddresses DROP CONSTRAINT FK569ABB5045EE0940

INSERT INTO UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
SELECT UserId, Id
FROM Addresses

    alter table UserAddresses 
        add constraint FK569ABB5045EE0940
        foreign key (AddressId) 
        references Addresses

它也有效。我认为这是 SQL Server 2000 中的一个错误，尽管有“从不责怪编译器”规则。

Answer 1

更新 - “哈利”架构

gbn 评论说这可能是一个架构问题。我更新了我的原始代码示例并且能够（几乎*）得到确切的错误。

（* 请注意，我在 2008 年运行此程序，而 OP 在 2000 年运行。SQL 2008 模式限定错误消息中的表。）

更新的代码 - “harry”架构

SET NOCOUNT ON
GO
--<< ========================== DROPS ==========================
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#UserGUIDs') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #UserGUIDs
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#AddressGUIDs') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #AddressGUIDs
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE [id] = OBJECT_ID('UserAddresses'))
    DROP TABLE [UserAddresses]
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE [id] = OBJECT_ID('Users'))
    DROP TABLE [Users]
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE [id] = OBJECT_ID('dbo.Addresses'))
    DROP TABLE dbo.[Addresses]
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE [id] = OBJECT_ID('harry.Addresses'))
    DROP TABLE harry.[Addresses]
GO

--<< ========================== TABLES ==========================
--<< Users
CREATE TABLE [Users] (
    [Id]        uniqueidentifier  NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID()  PRIMARY KEY,
    [UserName]  varchar(10)       NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

--<< Addresses
CREATE TABLE harry.[Addresses] (
    [Id]        uniqueidentifier  NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID()  PRIMARY KEY,
    [Address1]  varchar(20)       NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.[Addresses] (
    [Id]        uniqueidentifier  NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID()  PRIMARY KEY,
    [Address1]  varchar(20)       NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

--<< UserAddresses
CREATE TABLE [UserAddresses] (
    [UserId]    uniqueidentifier NOT NULL,
    [AddressId] uniqueidentifier NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [FK569ABB5045EE0940]       FOREIGN KEY ([AddressId]) REFERENCES [Addresses] ([Id]),
    CONSTRAINT [UserAddressesToAddressFK] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId])    REFERENCES [Users] ([Id])
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

--<< ========================== DATA ==========================
--<< Populate Users
CREATE TABLE #UserGUIDs ([UserId] uniqueidentifier)
GO
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName1')
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName2')
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName3')
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName4')
GO
INSERT INTO #UserGUIDs ([UserId]) SELECT [Id] FROM [Users]
GO

--<< Populate Addresses
CREATE TABLE #AddressGUIDs ([AddressId] uniqueidentifier)
GO
INSERT INTO harry.[Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('1234 First Street')
INSERT INTO harry.[Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('2345 Second Street')
INSERT INTO harry.[Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('3456 Third Street')
INSERT INTO harry.[Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('4567 Fourth Street')
GO
INSERT INTO #AddressGUIDs ([AddressId]) SELECT [Id] FROM harry.[Addresses]
GO

PRINT 'Users'
SELECT * FROM [Users]
PRINT 'Addresses'
SELECT * FROM harry.[Addresses]
GO

--<< ========================== TEST ==========================
--<< Populate UserAddresses
INSERT INTO UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
SELECT
    u.Id, -- UserID
    a.Id  -- AddressID
FROM harry.Addresses   AS a
CROSS JOIN Users AS u
GO

PRINT 'UserAddresses'
SELECT * FROM [UserAddresses]
GO

结果

Msg 547, Level 16, State 0, Line 4
The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK569ABB5045EE0940". The conflict occurred in database "RGTest1", table "dbo.Addresses", column 'Id'.

---

原帖

queen3，这是我认为你正在尝试的一个完整的工作示例。我试图让它与 SQL 2000 兼容，但我只有 2005 和 2008 可用。

请创建一个新数据库并运行此脚本。如果它没有重复您尝试做的事情，请解释或发布修改后的代码。

此脚本按原样运行，但我确定与您的应用程序有所不同。

罗伯

代码

SET NOCOUNT ON
GO
--<< ========================== DROPS ==========================
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#UserGUIDs') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #UserGUIDs
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#AddressGUIDs') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #AddressGUIDs
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE [id] = OBJECT_ID('UserAddresses'))
    DROP TABLE [UserAddresses]
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE [id] = OBJECT_ID('Users'))
    DROP TABLE [Users]
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE [id] = OBJECT_ID('Addresses'))
    DROP TABLE [Addresses]
GO

--<< ========================== TABLES ==========================
--<< Users
CREATE TABLE [Users] (
    [Id]        uniqueidentifier  NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID()  PRIMARY KEY,
    [UserName]  varchar(10)       NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

--<< Addresses
CREATE TABLE [Addresses] (
    [Id]        uniqueidentifier  NOT NULL DEFAULT NEWID()  PRIMARY KEY,
    [Address1]  varchar(20)       NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

--<< UserAddresses
CREATE TABLE [UserAddresses] (
    [UserId]    uniqueidentifier NOT NULL,
    [AddressId] uniqueidentifier NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [FK569ABB5045EE0940]       FOREIGN KEY ([AddressId]) REFERENCES [Addresses] ([Id]),
    CONSTRAINT [UserAddressesToAddressFK] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId])    REFERENCES [Users] ([Id])
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO

--<< ========================== DATA ==========================
--<< Populate Users
CREATE TABLE #UserGUIDs ([UserId] uniqueidentifier)
GO
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName1')
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName2')
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName3')
INSERT INTO [Users] ([UserName]) VALUES ('UserName4')
GO
INSERT INTO #UserGUIDs ([UserId]) SELECT [Id] FROM [Users]
GO

--<< Populate Addresses
CREATE TABLE #AddressGUIDs ([AddressId] uniqueidentifier)
GO
INSERT INTO [Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('1234 First Street')
INSERT INTO [Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('2345 Second Street')
INSERT INTO [Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('3456 Third Street')
INSERT INTO [Addresses] ([Address1]) VALUES ('4567 Fourth Street')
GO
INSERT INTO #AddressGUIDs ([AddressId]) SELECT [Id] FROM [Addresses]
GO

PRINT 'Users'
SELECT * FROM [Users]
PRINT 'Addresses'
SELECT * FROM [Addresses]
GO

--<< ========================== TEST ==========================
--<< Populate UserAddresses
INSERT INTO UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
SELECT
    u.Id, -- UserID
    a.Id  -- AddressID
FROM Addresses   AS a
CROSS JOIN Users AS u
GO

PRINT 'UserAddresses'
SELECT * FROM [UserAddresses]
GO

Answer 2

随意的想法...

您使用什么凭据、ORM 使用什么以及什么架构？

例如，表和 FK 实际上使用的是“bob”模式

• bob.地址
• bob.Users
• bob.UserAddresses

但由于 SQL 2005 之前的用户/模式的东西，你是在“哈利”模式...

INSERT INTO UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
  SELECT UserId, Id
  FROM Addresses

-- is actually
INSERT INTO harry.UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
  SELECT UserId, Id
  FROM bob.Addresses
-- or
INSERT INTO bob.UserAddresses (UserId, AddressId)
  SELECT UserId, Id
  FROM harry.Addresses

我不止一次享受测试人员和开发人员因为缺乏合格的架构而获得不同结果的景象......

Answer 3

检查用户地址表。也许有人在表上定义了一个（坏的！）触发器，以某种方式对 Addresses 或 UserAddresses 表做了一些坏事。