两列数据的所有可能组合

Question

我有一个两列视图

Product Id   Tag
----------------------
1            Leather
1            Watch
2            Red
2            Necklace
2            Pearl

我正在尝试获取产品的所有可能的标签组合：

1          Leather
1          Leather,Watch
2          Pearl
2          Pearl,Necklace
2          Pearl Necklace,Red
2          Necklace
2          Necklace, Red
2          Red

我发现并窃取了一些 SQL，它们为我提供了所有但不是小版本的完整列表，如下所示。

任何想法，都开始让我头疼。虚拟品脱以获得最佳答案。

SELECT ProductId, 
       (SELECT CAST(Tag + ', ' AS VARCHAR(MAX)) 
          FROM ProductByTagView 
         WHERE Product.ProductId = ProductByTagView.ProductId
      order by tag
       FOR XML PATH ('')) AS Tags
FROM Product

Answer 1

这是一种方法。

理论上，每个产品最多可以处理 20 个标签（受数字表大小的限制），但我并没有费心去尝试。在我的桌面上，大约需要 30 秒才能为具有 16 个标签的单个产品生成 65,535 个结果。希望每个产品的实际标签数量会比这少得多！

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#Nums') IS NULL
BEGIN
CREATE TABLE #Nums
(
i int primary key
)

;WITH 
L0 AS (SELECT 1 AS c UNION ALL SELECT 1),       
L1 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L0 A CROSS JOIN L0 B), 
L2 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L1 A CROSS JOIN L1 B), 
L3 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L2 A CROSS JOIN L2 B),
L4 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L3 A CROSS JOIN L3 B), 
L5 AS (SELECT 1 AS c FROM L4 A CROSS JOIN L4 B), 
Nums AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) AS i FROM L5)

INSERT INTO #Nums
SELECT TOP 1048576 i FROM Nums;
END


;with ProductTags As
(
SELECT 1 ProductId,'Leather' AS Tag UNION ALL
SELECT 1, 'Watch' UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'Red' UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'Necklace' UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'Pearl'
), NumberedTags AS
(
SELECT 
      ProductId,Tag,
       ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY ProductId ORDER BY Tag) rn,
       COUNT(*) OVER (PARTITION BY ProductId) cn
FROM ProductTags
),
GroupedTags As
(
SELECT ProductId,Tag,i
FROM NumberedTags
JOIN #Nums  on 
               #Nums.i <  POWER ( 2 ,cn)  
           and #Nums.i & POWER ( 2 ,rn-1) > 0
)
SELECT ProductId, 
       STUFF((SELECT CAST(', ' + Tag AS VARCHAR(MAX)) 
          FROM GroupedTags g2
         WHERE g1.ProductId = g2.ProductId and g1.i = g2.i
      ORDER BY Tag
       FOR XML PATH ('')),1,1,'') AS Tags
FROM GroupedTags g1
GROUP BY ProductId, i
ORDER BY ProductId, i

返回

ProductId   Tags
----------- ------------------------------
1            Leather
1            Watch
1            Leather, Watch
2            Necklace
2            Pearl
2            Necklace, Pearl
2            Red
2            Necklace, Red
2            Pearl, Red
2            Necklace, Pearl, Red

Answer 2

像这样？：

select a.ProductID, a.tag+','+b.tag from aView a 交叉连接 aView b 其中 a.tag != b.tag 联盟 从视图中选择 ProductID、标签

Answer 3

我的固定答案：

假设您有一个包含整数的辅助 Numbers 表。

DECLARE @s VARCHAR(5);
SET @s = 'ABCDE';

WITH Subsets AS (
SELECT CAST(SUBSTRING(@s, Number, 1) AS VARCHAR(5)) AS Token,
CAST('.'+CAST(Number AS CHAR(1))+'.' AS VARCHAR(11)) AS Permutation,
CAST(1 AS INT) AS Iteration
FROM dbo.Numbers WHERE Number BETWEEN 1 AND 5
UNION ALL
SELECT CAST(Token+SUBSTRING(@s, Number, 1) AS VARCHAR(5)) AS Token,
CAST(Permutation+CAST(Number AS CHAR(1))+'.' AS VARCHAR(11)) AS
Permutation,
s.Iteration + 1 AS Iteration
FROM Subsets s JOIN dbo.Numbers n ON s.Permutation NOT LIKE
'%.'+CAST(Number AS CHAR(1))+'.%' AND s.Iteration < 5 AND Number
BETWEEN 1 AND 5
--AND s.Iteration = (SELECT MAX(Iteration) FROM Subsets)
)
SELECT * FROM Subsets
WHERE Iteration = 5
ORDER BY Permutation

Token Permutation Iteration
----- ----------- -----------
ABCDE .1.2.3.4.5. 5
ABCED .1.2.3.5.4. 5
ABDCE .1.2.4.3.5. 5
(snip)
EDBCA .5.4.2.3.1. 5
EDCAB .5.4.3.1.2. 5
EDCBA .5.4.3.2.1. 5
(120 row(s) affected)

Answer 4

正如@Andomar 所建议的那样，这是一个用客户端语言最好解决的问题，我尝试了各种解决方案（谢谢大家），尽管似乎有一些东西，尤其是在 Martin 的回答中，问题是花费的时间运行查询。

再次感谢各位。

亚历克