创建 SELECT 语句以从单个列中过滤名称

Question

我们有一列名称，需要解析多个内容，因为它必须以LASTNAME FIRSTNAME MIDDLENAME 的形式出现。该列始终以 LASTNAME 开头，然后以逗号分隔为 FIRSTNAME，然后它可以是逗号分隔或空格分隔，甚至是括号分隔 (()) 的 MIDDLENAME。

我有过滤LASTNAME的代码：

SUBSTRING([Name], 0, PATINDEX('%,%', [Name])) AS LastName

但我无法通过FIRSTNAME 和MIDDLENAME 进行过滤。以下是列的一些示例

LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME MIDDLENAME
LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME,MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME,FIRSTNAME MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME,FIRSTNAME (MIDDLENAME)

现在，如果括号中有内容，我们不想在括号中显示该信息。所以我们会忽略MIDDLENAME。该列可以有 LASTNAME、FIRSTNAME 和 MIDDLENAME 与空格、逗号或括号的任意组合，MIDDLENAME 也可以存在于括号之外：

LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME (NICKNAME) MIDDLENAME

在这种情况下，我们需要 MIDDLENAME 并忽略 NICKNAME

非常感谢任何帮助！

Answer 1

我会将您的示例添加到内存表中，以便我们可以如下测试它们：-（您不需要这个）

Declare @NameTable table (fullname varchar(250))
insert into @NameTable values
('LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME MIDDLENAME'),
('LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME,MIDDLENAME'),
('LAST NAME,FIRSTNAME MIDDLENAME'),
('LAST NAME,FIRSTNAME (MIDDLENAME)'),
('LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME (NICKNAME) MIDDLENAME'),
('LASTNAME,FIRSTNAME') -- no middle name

让我们试着把它分解成一些更小的步骤，首先取出括号，然后是姓氏，然后继续直到我们得到所有部分。

;with FindBrackts as (
/* get rid of brackets */
select *,CHARINDEX('(',fullname) bStart,CHARINDEX(')',fullname) bEnd from @NameTable
),RemoveBrackts as (
    select case when bStart>0 then substring(fullname,1,bStart-1)+substring(fullname,bEnd+2,len(fullname)-bEnd+1)
        else fullname end fullname from FindBrackts)
,LastNameAndTheRest as (
    select substring(fullname,1,CHARINDEX(',',fullname)-1) [LASTNAME]
,substring(fullname,CHARINDEX(',',fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',',fullname)) [TheRest] from RemoveBrackts
),LastFirstMiddle as (
    select [LASTNAME],[TheRest],CHARINDEX(',',replace([TheRest],' ',',')) [mStart] from LastNameAndTheRest
)
select [LASTNAME]
    ,case when mStart=0 then [TheRest] else substring([TheRest],1,[mStart]-1) end FIRSTNAME  
    ,case when mStart=0 then null else substring([TheRest],[mStart]+1,len([TheRest])-[mStart]) end MIDDLENAME 
    from LastFirstMiddle

结果将如下所示：-

LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
========    =========   ==========
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME   FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME   FIRSTNAME   NULL
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME

如果这有帮助并且您发现还有更多条件，请添加它们，并可能更新查询以将它们考虑在内。

在 SQL Fiddle http://sqlfiddle.com/#!18/2dd42/2/0 上也是一样的

或者如果你不想要任何 CTE，它有点长，但你可以试试下面的：-

select 
    SUBSTRING(fullname, 0, CHARINDEX(',', fullname)) AS LastName 
    ,SUBSTRING(replace(SUBSTRING(fullname,CHARINDEX(',', fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',', fullname)),' ',','),1,CHARINDEX(',',replace(SUBSTRING(fullname,CHARINDEX(',', fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',', fullname)),' ',','))-1) [FirstName]
    ,SUBSTRING(fullname,2+len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',',reverse(replace(fullname,' ',','))),len(fullname)) MiddleName
    from @NameTable

结果如下，（与之前的解决方案有点不同）

LastName    FirstName   MiddleName
========    =========   ==========
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME   FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME   FIRSTNAME   (MIDDLENAME)
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME

如果没有 Middlename ，CTE 将处理它，但 select 需要更新为以下内容：-

select 
    SUBSTRING(fullname, 0, CHARINDEX(',', fullname)) AS LastName 
    ,case when CHARINDEX(',',replace(SUBSTRING(fullname,CHARINDEX(',', fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',', fullname)),' ',','))>0 then
        SUBSTRING(replace(SUBSTRING(fullname,CHARINDEX(',', fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',', fullname)),' ',','),1,CHARINDEX(',',replace(SUBSTRING(fullname,CHARINDEX(',', fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',', fullname)),' ',','))-1) 
        else replace(SUBSTRING(fullname,CHARINDEX(',', fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',', fullname)),' ',',') end [FirstName]
    ,case when CHARINDEX(',',replace(SUBSTRING(fullname,CHARINDEX(',', fullname)+1,len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',', fullname)),' ',','))>0 then
        SUBSTRING(fullname,2+len(fullname)-CHARINDEX(',',reverse(replace(fullname,' ',','))),len(fullname))
        else  NULL end MiddleName
    from @NameTable

这有点长，可能会写得更短。无论如何，结果如下：-

LastName    FirstName   MiddleName
=========   =========   ==========
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME   FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LAST NAME   FIRSTNAME   (MIDDLENAME)
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   MIDDLENAME
LASTNAME    FIRSTNAME   NULL

Answer 2

请试试这个：

;WITH Data AS (
    SELECT a.ID,a.LastName
        ,REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(a.RotN,' (','.'),')',''),',','.'),' ','.') AS [DotSplitName]
    FROM (
        SELECT ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) AS [ID]
            ,SUBSTRING(t.fullname,1,CHARINDEX(',',t.fullname)-1) AS [LastName]
            ,SUBSTRING(t.fullname,CHARINDEX(',',t.fullname)+1,999) AS [RotN] /*Rest of the name*/
        FROM @NameTable t
        WHERE t.fullname LIKE '%[,]%'
    ) a
)
SELECT d.ID,d.LastName
    ,COALESCE(PARSENAME(d.DotSplitName,3),PARSENAME(d.DotSplitName,2)) AS [FirstName]
    ,PARSENAME(d.DotSplitName,1) AS [MiddleName]
    ,CASE WHEN PARSENAME(d.DotSplitName,3) IS NOT NULL THEN PARSENAME(d.DotSplitName,2) ELSE NULL END AS [NickName]
FROM Data d
;

感谢 Ali Al-Mosawi 提供的内存表示例