在 SQL Server 中使用另一个表的内容替换字符串（例如 update table1 set value = replace(table1.value, table2.val1, table2.val2)）答案

【问题标题】：String replacement in SQL Server using the contents of another table (e.g. update table1 set value = replace(table1.value, table2.val1, table2.val2))在 SQL Server 中使用另一个表的内容替换字符串（例如 update table1 set value = replace(table1.value, table2.val1, table2.val2)）
【发布时间】：2014-08-29 02:49:40
【问题描述】：

我有一个包含邮政地址的 SQL Server 表。在准备邮寄时，我需要进行一些字符串替换以符合 USPS 偏好（例如，“Avenue”变为“Ave”）。

为了省去枚举所有替换的麻烦，我将标签/缩写对保存在一个包含两列的表格中。有没有一种优雅的方法可以将这些中的每一个作为参数传递给更新语句中的 Replace 函数？

查找表如下所示：

CREATE TABLE addressLookup (label varchar(50),abbreviation varchar(20))
INSERT INTO addressLookup (label,abbreviation)
SELECT 'Avenue','Ave' UNION
SELECT 'Boulevard','Blvd' UNION
SELECT 'Drive','Dr' UNION
SELECT 'Lane','Ln' UNION
SELECT 'Street','St' UNION
SELECT 'First','1st' UNION
SELECT 'Second','2nd' UNION
SELECT 'Third','3rd' UNION
SELECT 'Fourth','4th' UNION
SELECT 'Fifth','5th' UNION
SELECT 'Sixth','6th' UNION
SELECT 'Seventh','7th' UNION
SELECT 'Eighth','8th' UNION
SELECT 'Ninth','9th' UNION
SELECT 'Tenth','10th' UNION
SELECT 'Eleventh','11th' UNION
SELECT 'Twelfth','12th' UNION
SELECT 'Apartment','Apt' UNION
SELECT 'Apartments','Apts' UNION
SELECT 'Floor','Fl' UNION
SELECT 'Room','Rm' UNION
SELECT 'Suite','Ste' UNION
SELECT 'Po Box','PO Box' UNION
SELECT 'P O Box','PO Box' UNION
SELECT 'P o Box','PO Box' UNION
SELECT 'Rural Route','RR' UNION
SELECT 'R Rte','RR' UNION
SELECT 'Rr','RR'

这将是正在操作的数据的一个示例（我知道这很草率，但这只是一个示例）：


CREATE TABLE addresses (userid int PRIMARY KEY, address1 varchar(50), address2 varchar(50), address3 varchar(50), city varchar(50), state varchar(50), zip varchar(50))
INSERT INTO addresses (userid,address1,address2,address3,city,state,zip)
SELECT 10,'Indiana University','123 University Lane','Campus Box 123','Bloomington','IN','47405'

更新的问题是 addressLookup 表中的任意数量的记录可能与地址表的内容匹配。我想我可以实现一个递归存储过程来完成这项工作，但我希望有人会有更好、更优雅的解决方案。

编辑

澄清一下，地址表已经被填充（有几百万条记录）。我只是想预测任何可能抱怨需要真实数据来测试解决方案的人。

【问题讨论】：

标签： sql-server tsql

【解决方案1】：

您可能可以使用 CURSOR 来做到这一点。但是使用 Sql Server 2005 CTE 你可以试试这个。

这是一个完整的工作示例：

DECLARE @addressLookup TABLE (label varchar(50),abbreviation varchar(20))
INSERT INTO @addressLookup (label,abbreviation)
SELECT 'Avenue','Ave' UNION
SELECT 'Boulevard','Blvd' UNION
SELECT 'Drive','Dr' UNION
SELECT 'Lane','Ln' UNION
SELECT 'Street','St' UNION
SELECT 'First','1st' UNION
SELECT 'Second','2nd' UNION
SELECT 'Third','3rd' UNION
SELECT 'Fourth','4th' UNION
SELECT 'Fifth','5th' UNION
SELECT 'Sixth','6th' UNION
SELECT 'Seventh','7th' UNION
SELECT 'Eighth','8th' UNION
SELECT 'Ninth','9th' UNION
SELECT 'Tenth','10th' UNION
SELECT 'Eleventh','11th' UNION
SELECT 'Twelfth','12th' UNION
SELECT 'Apartment','Apt' UNION
SELECT 'Apartments','Apts' UNION
SELECT 'Floor','Fl' UNION
SELECT 'Room','Rm' UNION
SELECT 'Suite','Ste' UNION
SELECT 'Po Box','PO Box' UNION
SELECT 'P O Box','PO Box' UNION
SELECT 'P o Box','PO Box' UNION
SELECT 'Rural Route','RR' UNION
SELECT 'R Rte','RR' UNION
SELECT 'Rr','RR'


DECLARE @addresses TABLE (userid int PRIMARY KEY, address1 varchar(50), address2 varchar(50), address3 varchar(50), city varchar(50), state varchar(50), zip varchar(50))
INSERT INTO @addresses (userid,address1,address2,address3,city,state,zip)
SELECT 10,'Indiana University','123 University Lane Suite','Campus Box 123','Bloomington','IN','47405'

;WITH CTE AS(
        SELECT  *,
                ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY label) RowID
        FROM    @addressLookup
),
CTERep AS(
        SELECT  CTE.*,
                userid,
                REPLACE(address1, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) address1,
                REPLACE(address2, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) address2,
                REPLACE(address3, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) address3,
                REPLACE(city, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) city,
                REPLACE(state, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) state,
                REPLACE(zip, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) zip,
                1 AS Depth
        FROM    CTE, @addresses a
        WHERE   RowID = 1
        UNION ALL
        SELECT  CTE.*,
                CTERep.userid,
                REPLACE(CTERep.address1, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) address1,
                REPLACE(CTERep.address2, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) address2,
                REPLACE(CTERep.address3, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) address3,
                REPLACE(CTERep.city, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) city,
                REPLACE(CTERep.state, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) state,
                REPLACE(CTERep.zip, CTE.label,CTE.abbreviation) zip,
                CTERep.Depth + 1
        FROM    CTE INNER JOIN
                CTERep ON CTE.RowID = CTERep.RowID + 1
)
SELECT  userid,
        address1,
        address2,
        address3,
        city,
        state,
        zip
FROM    CTERep
WHERE   Depth = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM @addressLookup)

【讨论】：

谢谢！这绝对闻起来像光标/CTE 问题，不是吗。我会看看我是否可以根据我的具体情况调整它。

【解决方案2】：

我知道这篇文章已经有将近 5 年的历史了，但如果它对这里的某人有所帮助，这是不使用光标的最简单的解决方案......

--REPLACE LABEL WITH ABBREVIATION
SELECT  @Address1 = REPLACE(@SearchString,[Label],[Abbreviation]),
        @Address2 = REPLACE(@SearchString2,[Label],[Abbreviation]),
        @Address3 = REPLACE(@SearchString2,[Label],[Abbreviation])
FROM    [dbo].[addressLookup]


--DEMO OUTPUT
SELECT  @Address1,
        @Address2,
        @Address3

【讨论】：