R，通过提取前缀从宽到长旋转。整齐划一

Question

我想我正在做的事情几乎与这个问题完全一样：reshape wide to long using prefix as id in R

但如果可能的话，我很想使用 tidyverse。

我有这个数据。这些列是两组几乎相同的变量，前面有一个“pre”或“post”。

data<-structure(list(PreConfidence_NonMarginal = c(3, 1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 
5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4), PreConfidenceMarginal = c(1, 
1, 1, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1), PreConfidenceInstruments = c(3, 
2, 2, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 1, 3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 3), PreConfidenceSutures = c(2, 
1, 2, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 3, 3), PreFamiliarAnatomy = c(3, 
3, 2, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 2, 3), PreEfficient = c(1, 
1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 1, 1, 1, 4, 3, 2, 3), PostConfidence_NonMarginal = c(4, 
3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4), PostConfidenceMarginal = c(2, 
2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 3, 1, 3, 4, 3, 3, 3), PostConfidenceInstruments = c(3, 
3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 3, 5, 4, 4, 3), PostConfidenceSutures = c(3, 
3, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 5, 4, 3, 3), PostFamiliarAnatomy = c(3, 
4, 2, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 4), PostEfficient = c(2, 
2, 2, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 2, 3, 4, 4, 2, 4)), row.names = c(NA, 
-18L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))

而且我希望旋转更长的时间，以便列是“pre”和“post”，而变量名的其余部分作为新的行标题。理想情况下，结果应该是这样的：

任何帮助将不胜感激，谢谢！

Answer 1

我们可以使用 pivot_longer 和 names_pattern - 捕获前缀部分（Pre 或 Post）和其余字符（.*)，同时将 names_to 指定为 ".value" 的向量- “问题”列中列的值和列名的后缀部分

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
data %>% 
   pivot_longer(cols = everything(), 
   names_to = c(".value", "Question"), names_pattern = "(Pre|Post)(.*)")

-输出

# A tibble: 108 × 3
   Question                 Pre  Post
   <chr>                  <dbl> <dbl>
 1 Confidence_NonMarginal     3     4
 2 ConfidenceMarginal         1     2
 3 ConfidenceInstruments      3     3
 4 ConfidenceSutures          2     3
 5 FamiliarAnatomy            3     3
 6 Efficient                  1     2
 7 Confidence_NonMarginal     1     3
 8 ConfidenceMarginal         1     2
 9 ConfidenceInstruments      2     3
10 ConfidenceSutures          1     3
# … with 98 more rows