win32：TextOut 未显示

Question

我最近让我的主窗口使用 WM_PAINT 编写文本，但现在我意识到这样做可能不是最好的消息，所以我正在尝试另一个版本；

主窗口包含一个菜单，在单击菜单项时会发送 ID_FILE_PID 消息，它会构建 4 个新窗口并在主窗口中显示文本（paintEditSigns 函数）。 4 个窗口工作正常，但文本根本不起作用，除非我在 main() 函数中这样做，如图所示......这到底是什么？ O_O

顺便说一句：我仍然不知道为什么 StackOverflow 上的代码显示在我发布时总是看起来很奇怪，这是为什么呢？

switch(message)
   {
   case WM_COMMAND:
     switch (LOWORD(wParam))
       {
            case ID_FILE_PID:
            {
                HWND hWndButton;    
                HWND hWndEdit;
                HWND hWndEdit2;
                HWND hWndDisplay;

                // drawing the text in mainwindow
                trigger=true;

                // adding new windows in the mainwindow
                hWndButton = CreateWindowEx(0,TEXT("BUTTON"),"Modify",WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE |
                BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, 170,56,80,30,hWnd,(HMENU)ID_BUTTON,hThisInstance,NULL);   
                hWndEdit = CreateWindowEx(0,RICHEDIT_CLASS,TEXT(""),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,
                120,30,80,25,hWnd,(HMENU)ID_EDIT,hThisInstance,NULL);
                hWndEdit2 = CreateWindowEx(0,RICHEDIT_CLASS,TEXT(""),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,
                220,30,80,25,hWnd,(HMENU)ID_EDIT2,hThisInstance,NULL);
                hWndDisplay = CreateWindowEx(0,TEXT("STATIC"),NULL,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,
                0,100,450,140,hWnd,(HMENU)ID_DISPLAY,hThisInstance,NULL);


                            UpdateWindow(hWnd);

                break;
            }

.....

case WM_PAINT:
     {
         if (trigger) {
             paintEditSigns()
         }
         break;

     }

//
// Main function
// 
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
               LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    HWND hWnd;
    WNDCLASSEX wc;
    ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));
    hThisInstance = hInstance;
    LoadLibrary("Riched20.dll");

    wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MYMENU);
    if(!(wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MYICON)))) {
        HRESULT res = GetLastError();

    }
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW;
    wc.lpszClassName = TEXT("testcpp");
    RegisterClassEx(&wc);

    hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, 
                            wc.lpszClassName,
                            TEXT("test"),
                            WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
                            300,
                            200,
                            450,
                            300,
                            NULL,
                            NULL,
                            hInstance,
                            NULL);
    ShowWindow(hWnd,nCmdShow);
        //paintEditSigns() -- here it works, but not when in the message part

    MSG msg;
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL,0,0)) {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);

    }


    return msg.wParam;
}



void paintEditSigns() {
    HFONT hf = createFont();
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    HWND hWnd = FindWindow(TEXT("testcpp"),TEXT("test"));
    HBRUSH hbruzh = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,0));
    HDC hdz = BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps); 
    string s = "Memory Address";

    SelectBrush(hdz,hbruzh);
    SelectFont(hdz,hf);
    TextOut(hdz,0,100,s.c_str(),s.length());
    EndPaint(hWnd,&ps);

    DeleteObject(hbruzh);   

}

HFONT createFont() {
    HDC hdc;
    long lfHeight;

    hdc = GetDC(NULL);
    lfHeight = -MulDiv(12, GetDeviceCaps(hdc, LOGPIXELSY), 72);
    ReleaseDC(NULL, hdc);

    HFONT hf = CreateFont(lfHeight, 0, 0, 0, 0, TRUE, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "MS Sans Serif");
    return hf;

}

Answer 1

您只能使用BeginPaint/EndPaint 来响应WM_PAINT。而WM_PAINT 就是这样画图的合适地方。

当窗口的一部分“无效”时，Windows 调用WM_PAINT。例如，如果您恢复窗口，或者在将窗口移开或调整窗口大小后部分窗口变得可见。

当您需要手动更新显示时，通过调用InvalidateRect“使需要重绘的区域无效”（这会告诉 Windows 需要重绘的窗口区域）。

常见的是只是使整个窗口无效，而不是计算您要绘制的区域的实际像素完美边界。