如何生成具有动态列数（和一组固定行）的表？答案

【问题标题】：How to generate a table with dynamic amount of colums (and a fixed set of rows)?如何生成具有动态列数（和一组固定行）的表？
【发布时间】：2017-10-07 16:34:23
【问题描述】：

我在工资单方面进行了一些计算，每个月/年都会产生大量数据和两个日期：开始日期 (mm/yyyy) 和结束日期 (mm/yyyy)。

我想要的是：生成一个内部表，该表的列数与 begda-year 到 endda-year 一样多（以年为单位）。例如，我的 begda 是 05/2010，endda 是 03/2013，那么我需要一个这样的表，其中包含 2010、2011、2012、2013 列和每个月的行：

对我来说困难的部分是，表格列（或 endda 和 begda）总是在变化，我怎么能意识到这一点？创建某种动态表？

【问题讨论】：

您需要表格来显示内容还是仅用于内部计算？

标签： dynamic abap

【解决方案1】：

一般要工作几年？与其根据行来考虑它，不如记住，表中的行数与您附加到它的行数一样多。

您可以通过任何方式创建动态结构，通过 create_data 或 cl_alv_table_create （只要您没有几千列就可以正常工作）。

所以做伪代码并帮助你一点：

Step 1) Create a structure which contains a column for each year
Step 2) Pass the structure to CL_ALV_TABLE_CREATE=>CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE and get the table
        with the unique structure
Step 3) Append 12 rows to the table, 1 row representing each month of the year
Step 4) When needing to read the data, READ TABLE <table> WITH TABLE KEY monthname = 'MONTHNAME' INTO <structure>.
Step 5) ASSIGN <year>->* OF STRUCTURE <structure> TO <data>.
Step 6) <data> = whatever.

我不记得如何使用运行时创建的数据，但在 google 上快速搜索可以让你知道。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

查看CREATE DATA HANDLE 文档。我不建议使用cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table，因为它有内部限制。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

检查此代码。希望对您有所帮助：

report  zdynamiccol.

type-pools: slis.

data: gt_fieldcat type slis_t_fieldcat_alv with header line,

gs_layout type slis_layout_alv,
g_repid type sy-repid.

types: begin of ty_years,
  zyear(4) type c,
end of ty_years.

data it_years type table of ty_years. " The structure that will hold the years to create the dynamic columns

types: begin of st_output, " Sample data
  zmonth type string,
  zyear(4) type c,
  zvalue type i,
  check type c,
end of st_output,
gt_tbl_data type standard table of st_output.

data: gt_output type standard table of st_output ,
      gt_output2 type standard table of st_output.

data:
r_dyn_table type ref to data,
t_fieldcat1 type lvc_t_fcat,
wa_fieldcat1 type lvc_s_fcat.

data:
t_fieldcat2 type slis_t_fieldcat_alv,
wa_fieldcat2 like line of t_fieldcat2.

field-symbols:
<t_dyn_table> type standard table,
<wa_dyn_table> type any,
<w_field> type any,
<fs_st_output> type st_output,
<wa_years> type ty_years.

initialization.
  g_repid = sy-repid.

select-options s_dats for sy-datum.

start-of-selection.

  perform get_years. " Make the year column structure

  perform create_catalog. " Make the field catalog with the columns

  perform get_data. " Sample data

  perform process_data. " Fill table

  perform build_alv. " Create ALV

form get_years.

  refresh: it_years.

  data zline like line of it_years.
  data year type i.

  year = s_dats-low(4).
  while year <= s_dats-high(4).
    clear zline.
    zline-zyear = year.
    append zline to it_years.
    add 1 to year.
  endwhile.

endform.

form create_catalog.
  data: cont type i.

  refresh: t_fieldcat1, t_fieldcat2.
  clear: wa_fieldcat1, wa_fieldcat2.
  cont = 1.

  wa_fieldcat1-fieldname = 'ZMONTH'.
  wa_fieldcat1-col_pos = cont.
  wa_fieldcat1-coltext = 'MONTH'.
  wa_fieldcat1-key = 'X'.
  wa_fieldcat1-seltext = wa_fieldcat1-coltext.

  append wa_fieldcat1 to t_fieldcat1.

  wa_fieldcat2-fieldname = 'ZMONTH'.
  wa_fieldcat2-ref_fieldname = 'MONTH'.
  wa_fieldcat2-seltext_l  = 'Month'.
  wa_fieldcat2-seltext_m  = 'Month'.
  wa_fieldcat2-seltext_s  = 'Month'.
  wa_fieldcat2-key = 'X' .
  wa_fieldcat2-outputlen = 10.
  wa_fieldcat2-col_pos = cont.
  append wa_fieldcat2 to t_fieldcat2.

  loop at it_years assigning <wa_years>.
    at new zyear.
      clear: wa_fieldcat1, wa_fieldcat2.

      wa_fieldcat1-fieldname = <wa_years>-zyear.
      wa_fieldcat1-inttype = 'I'.
      wa_fieldcat1-col_pos = cont.
      wa_fieldcat1-coltext = <wa_years>-zyear.
      wa_fieldcat1-seltext = wa_fieldcat1-coltext.

      append wa_fieldcat1 to t_fieldcat1.

      wa_fieldcat2-fieldname = wa_fieldcat1-fieldname.
      wa_fieldcat2-seltext_l  = wa_fieldcat1-seltext.
      wa_fieldcat2-col_pos = cont.
      append wa_fieldcat2 to t_fieldcat2.

      add 1 to cont.
    endat.
  endloop.

  call method cl_alv_table_create=>create_dynamic_table
    exporting
      it_fieldcatalog           = t_fieldcat1
    importing
      ep_table                  = r_dyn_table
    exceptions
      generate_subpool_dir_full = 1
      others                    = 2.

  assign r_dyn_table->* to <t_dyn_table>.
endform.

form get_data.
  data zrows type i value 10.
  data month type i.
  data line like line of gt_output.
  field-symbols <wa_gt_output> type st_output.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'January'.
  line-zyear = 2010.
  line-zvalue = 100.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'February'.
  line-zyear = 2010.
  line-zvalue = 150.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'March'.
  line-zyear = 2010.
  line-zvalue = 160.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'April'.
  line-zyear = 2010.
  line-zvalue = 240.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'April'.
  line-zyear = 2013.
  line-zvalue = 233.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'January'.
  line-zyear = 2012.
  line-zvalue = 151.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'May'.
  line-zyear = 2012.
  line-zvalue = 101.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'June'.
  line-zyear = 2012.
  line-zvalue = 762.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'September'.
  line-zyear = 2012.
  line-zvalue = 666.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'October'.
  line-zyear = 2012.
  line-zvalue = 500.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'November'.
  line-zyear = 2012.
  line-zvalue = 101.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'December'.
  line-zyear = 2013.
  line-zvalue = 829.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.

  clear line.
  line-zmonth = 'December'. " Sum to the same month
  line-zyear = 2013.
  line-zvalue = 1.
  append line to gt_output.
  append line to gt_output2.
endform.

form process_data.

  field-symbols <fs_data> type st_output.
  field-symbols <fs_check> type st_output.
  data lv_index type sy-tabix.

  loop at gt_output assigning <fs_st_output>.

    check <fs_st_output>-check eq space.

    append initial line to <t_dyn_table> assigning <wa_dyn_table>.

    assign component 'ZMONTH' of structure <wa_dyn_table> to <w_field>.
    <w_field> = <fs_st_output>-zmonth.

    loop at gt_output2 assigning <fs_data> where zmonth = <fs_st_output>-zmonth and check eq space.
      lv_index = sy-tabix.

      check <wa_dyn_table> is assigned.
      assign component <fs_data>-zyear of structure <wa_dyn_table> to <w_field>.
      <w_field> = <w_field> + <fs_data>-zvalue.

      read table gt_output assigning <fs_check> index lv_index. " Check so the position will never be processed later
      <fs_check>-check = 'X'.
    endloop.

  endloop.

endform.

form build_alv.
  data: x_layout  type slis_layout_alv,
        t_fieldcat type slis_t_fieldcat_alv.

  refresh t_fieldcat.
  clear x_layout.

  g_repid = sy-repid.

  call function 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
      exporting
        i_callback_program       = g_repid
        is_layout                = gs_layout
        it_fieldcat              = t_fieldcat2
          tables
        t_outtab = <t_dyn_table>
    exceptions program_error = 1
    others = 2 .
  if sy-subrc <> 0.
    message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
  endif.
endform.

【讨论】：