在 Gnuplot 中绘制 COVID-19 数据答案

【问题标题】：Plotting COVID-19 data in Gnuplot在 Gnuplot 中绘制 COVID-19 数据
【发布时间】：2020-03-24 23:30:17
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试绘制 (GNUPlot) 一些包含在 CSV 文件中的 covid-19 data，该文件使用第一行作为时间数据和每列中的相应案例计数。我想为每个州（每一行）制作一个图，但运气不佳。有什么帮助吗？到目前为止，这就是我的情节脚本。我在脚本中使用了plot for [col=5:30:1]...，因为前 4 列是州名和地理位置。我想我现在只专注于数据点，并最终弄清楚如何在绘图上显示状态名称。我已经从主要的 CSV 数据中提取了美国数据以创建“us.dat”：

set key autotitle columnhead
set term png size 1024, 768
set key outside
set datafile separator ","
set title 'mygraph'
set ylabel 'count'
set xlabel 'time'
set grid
set term png
set output "/tmp/covid19.png"    
plot for [col=5:30:1] "us.dat" using col

还有“us.dat”文件的片段：

Province/State,Country/Region,Lat,Long,1/22/20,1/23/20,1/24/20,1/25/20,1/26/20,1/27/20,1/28/20,1/29/20,1/30/20,1/31/20,2/1/20,2/2/20,2/3/20,2/4/20,2/5/20,2/6/20,2/7/20,2/8/20,2/9/20,2/10/20,2/11/20,2/12/20,2/13/20,2/14/20,2/15/20,2/16/20,2/17/20,2/18/20,2/19/20,2/20/20,2/21/20,2/22/20,2/23/20,2/24/20,2/25/20,2/26/20,2/27/20,2/28/20,2/29/20,3/1/20,3/2/20,3/3/20,3/4/20,3/5/20,3/6/20,3/7/20,3/8/20,3/9/20,3/10/20,3/11/20
Washington,US,47.4009,-121.4905,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,267,366
New York,US,42.1657,-74.9481,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,173,220
California,US,36.1162,-119.6816,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,144,177
Massachusetts,US,42.2302,-71.5301,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,92,95

但是剧情图不太对：

【问题讨论】：

标签： gnuplot

【解决方案1】：

这是一个纯 gnuplot 版本

$data <<EOD
Province/State,Country/Region,Lat,Long,1/22/20,1/23/20,1/24/20,1/25/20,1/26/20,1/27/20,1/28/20,1/29/20,1/30/20,1/31/20,2/1/20,2/2/20,2/3/20,2/4/20,2/5/20,2/6/20,2/7/20,2/8/20,2/9/20,2/10/20,2/11/20,2/12/20,2/13/20,2/14/20,2/15/20,2/16/20,2/17/20,2/18/20,2/19/20,2/20/20,2/21/20,2/22/20,2/23/20,2/24/20,2/25/20,2/26/20,2/27/20,2/28/20,2/29/20,3/1/20,3/2/20,3/3/20,3/4/20,3/5/20,3/6/20,3/7/20,3/8/20,3/9/20,3/10/20,3/11/20
Washington,US,47.4009,-121.4905,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,267,366
New York,US,42.1657,-74.9481,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,173,220
California,US,36.1162,-119.6816,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,144,177
Massachusetts,US,42.2302,-71.5301,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,92,95
EOD

N = 50
array X[N]
array Y[N]

set datafile separator ","

# a dummy plot to extract the row into an array
pl $data us ($0==0? sum[i=1:N](X[i]=strcol(i+4), 0) :\
             (strcol(1) eq "Washington")? sum[i=1:N](Y[i]=column(i+4)) : $0, $0) : 0

set xdata time
set timefmt "%m/%d/%y"

plot X us (X[$1]):(Y[$1]) w lp pt 7

说明：

首先，有一个虚拟情节。当输入第一行 ($0==0) 时，将循环遍历所有列以将日期存储到数组 X 中。类似地，当输入列Washington 时，所有列都存储到数组Y 中。列数和它们的偏移量应该提前知道。

sum 函数仅（误）用作循环。由于日期行包含字符串，因此提供了, 0，因为字符串无法求和。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

一个可能的解决方案是使用 awk。通过使用它，您可以转置文件并正常使用 gnuplot（还要感谢这个可怕的答案：An efficient way to transpose a file in Bash）你甚至可以在 gnuplot 中内联。

华盛顿可以绘制如下。

set xdata time
set timefmt "%m/%d/%y"
pl "<awk -F, '{ for (i=5; i<=NF; i++)  { a[NR,i] = $i} } NF>p { p = NF } END { for(j=5; j<=p; j++) {str=a[1,j];for(i=2; i<=NR; i++){str=str\" \"a[i,j];}print str}}' us.dat" using 1:2 w l title "Washington"

第 3 列将是纽约、加利福尼亚州 4、马萨诸塞州 5。

【讨论】：