ImportError：“pytest”中没有名为请求的模块

Question

root
| +-- demo
      |-->__init__.py
      |-->conftest.py
      |-->test.py

conftest.py

import pytest
def tear_down():
    print "\nTEARDOWN after all tests"

@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
def set_up(request):
    print "\nSETUP before all tests"
    if request.cls.__name__ == 'TestClassA':
        return ["username", "password"]
    request.addfinalizer(tear_down)

test.py

#import requests # this is commented

class TestClassA:
    def test_1(self,set_up):
        print "test A1 called"
        print("username :-- %s and password is %s" % (set_up[0], set_up[1]))
    def test_2(self):
        print "test A2 called"

class TestClassB:
    def test_1(self):
        print "test B1 called"

pytest -s -v demo/test.py::TestClassA

此代码运行良好。观察test.py 的第一行，它被评论了。现在，如果我在取消注释 import requests 的情况下运行相同的脚本，则会出现以下错误

ImportError while importing test module 'some_path/../demo/test.py'.
Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.
Traceback:
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six-1.11.0-py2.7.egg/six.py:709: in exec_
    exec("""exec _code_ in _globs_, _locs_""")
demo/test.py:1: in <module>
    import requests
E   ImportError: No module named requests

在没有 pytest 的情况下执行，工作正常（没有导入错误） 而且，如果test.py 调用其他模块（which has import requests）的函数也会抛出同样的错误。是request of pytest 的冲突吗？这个我真的不明白，你能帮帮我吗？

which python:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/pythonpytest --version:'imported from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pytest-3.8.2-py2.7.egg/pytest.pyc'，这是失败的原因吗？

pytest --version

This is pytest version 3.8.2, imported from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pytest-3.8.2-py2.7.egg/pytest.pyc
setuptools registered plugins:
  celery-4.0.2 at /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/contrib/pytest.py
  hypothesis-3.8.2 at /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/hypothesis/extra/pytestplugin.pyc
  pytest-cov-2.4.0 at /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pytest_cov/plugin.py

Answer 1

将以下代码行添加到您的脚本并运行它：

from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib
print(get_python_lib())

现在检查输出，你会得到一些打印出来的路径，它指向 python 解释器当前使用的包的确切位置

e.g. "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages"

cd(change directory) 到上述路径，ls(list directory) 检查包是否存在； 如果不是：

sudo pip3 install requests -t . # dot indicates current directory 

否则，如果您有 requirements.txt 文件，那么您可以尝试：

sudo pip3 install -r requirements.txt -t "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages" 
#try this from the directory where  "requirements.txt" file exists

现在运行你的脚本，如果它有效，请告诉我