比较两个文本文件并保存输出匹配

Question

我有两个文本文件，我想比较它们并将匹配的列保存为新文本 文件。

文件 1：

114.74721

114.85107

2.96667

306.61756

文件2：

115.06603 0.00294 5.90000

114.74721 0.00674 5.40000

114.85107 0.00453 6.20000

111.17744 0.00421 5.50000

192.77787 0.03080 3.20000

189.70226 0.01120 5.00000

0.46762 0.00883 3.70000

2.21539 0.01290 3.50000

2.96667 0.01000 3.60000

5.43310 0.00393 5.50000

0.28537 0.00497 5.10000

308.82348 0.00183 6.60000

306.61756 0.00359 5.20000

我希望输出是：

114.74721 0.00674 5.40000

114.85107 0.00453 6.20000

2.96667 0.01000 3.60000

306.61756 0.00359 5.20000

我使用了一个脚本，但出现了问题，因为输出文件的行数比应该相同的 file1 多。你能帮帮我吗？

file1=open("file1.txt","r")
file2=open("file2.txt","r")
file3=open("output.txt","w")
  for line1 in file1.readlines():
    file2.seek(0)
    for line2 in file2.readlines():
      if line1.strip() in line2:
        file3.writerow(line2)

编辑

来自 file1.txt

114.74721

114.85107

2.96667

306.61756

152.70581

150.04497

91.41869

91.41869

91.73398

92.35076

117.68963

117.69291

115.97827

168.14476

169.94404

73.00571

156.02833

156.02833

来自 file3.txt

114.74721 0.00674 5.40000

114.85107 0.00453 6.20000

2.96667 0.01000 3.60000

306.61756 0.00359 5.20000

152.70581 0.02780 2.70000

150.04497 0.00211 6.00000

91.41869 0.00500 3.70000

91.73398 0.00393 4.30000

92.35076 0.00176 5.80000

117.68963 0.15500 2.20000

117.69291 0.15100 2.50000

115.97827 0.00722 7.80000

168.14476 0.00383 5.50000

169.94404 0.00539 4.80000

73.00571 0.00876 3.80000

156.02833 0.00284 6.30000

156.64645 0.01290 3.50000

156.65070 0.02110 4.40000

如果您在 file1.txt 中看到第 7 行和第 8 行具有相同的值 91.41869，但在 file3.txt 中只提到第 7 行而不是第 8 行。第 17 行和第 18 行也是如此。

Answer 1

FILE1 = "file1.txt"
FILE2 = "file2.txt"
OUTPUT = "file3.txt"

with open(FILE1) as inf:
    match = set(line.strip() for line in inf)

with open(FILE2) as inf, open(OUTPUT, "w") as outf:
    for line in inf:
        if line.split(' ', 1)[0] in match:
            outf.write(line)

或者，如果它们的顺序必须相同，

with open(FILE1) as inf:
    items = [line.strip() for line in inf]
    match = {val:i for i,val in enumerate(items)}
    outp  = ['\n'] * len(items)

with open(FILE2) as inf, open(OUTPUT, "w") as outf:
    for line in inf:
        val = line.split(' ', 1)[0]
        try:
            outp[match[val]] = line
        except KeyError:
            pass
    outf.write(''.join(outp))

请注意，第一个版本将写出尽可能多的匹配项 - 如果 FILE2 中的两行以“114.74721”开头，您将同时得到它们 - 而第二个版本将只保留找到的最后一个匹配项。