教你用python爬取唯品会商品信息，详细教程，仅供学习。
代码展示
运行结束来个照
信息保存到表格中
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工具使用
开发环境
python3.6
Windows10
开发工具
pycharm
工具包
re，os, tkinter，xlwt
开发思路
1.进入百度搜索唯品会，进入唯品会的官网，默认女士T恤，直接点击搜索进入如下
2.右侧滚动条一直下拉，滑动到下面的时候页面会自动刷新出商品的数据，这里就体现了ajax交互，说明商品的信息是存放在json接口中，接着拉到底就可以发现翻页的按钮了，如下
3.右击检查，按照步骤操作， 6步骤里的方框为该页商品的id
拿回
start_url = r’https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/search/product/rank?’
4.继续抓包，找到商品信息对应的数据包，拿回请求的url地址和参数（参数中加入商品的id，这也是为什么要拿回来商品的id）
goods_info_url = ‘https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/product/module/list/v2?’
5,翻页 全部的商品的id又存放在第二个rank文件中，首先请求一下这个链接文件，获取商品id信息，然后再重新组合url，最终获取商品详细的信息
可以发现pageOffset参数是变化的 变化是120
6.保存数据，模板可以拿去用
def save_data(self, data, user_name): \'\'\' 保存数据 \'\'\' os_path_1 = os.getcwd() + \'/数据/\' if not os.path.exists(os_path_1): os.mkdir(os_path_1) os_path = os_path_1 + user_name + \'数据.xls\' if not os.path.exists(os_path): # 创建新的workbook（其实就是创建新的excel） workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding=\'utf-8\') # 创建新的sheet表 worksheet1 = workbook.add_sheet("唯品会商品信息", cell_overwrite_ok=True) borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders """定义边框实线""" borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.left_colour = 0x40 borders.right_colour = 0x40 borders.top_colour = 0x40 borders.bottom_colour = 0x40 style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style """居中写入设置""" al = xlwt.Alignment() al.horz = 0x02 # 水平居中 al.vert = 0x01 # 垂直居中 style.alignment = al # 合并 第0行到第0列 的 第0列到第13列 \'\'\'基本详情13\'\'\' # worksheet1.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 13, \'基本详情\', style) excel_data_1 = (\'商品名称\', \'商品标签\', \'市场价格\', \'商品折扣\', \'优惠后价格\', \'图片地址\') for i in range(0, len(excel_data_1)): worksheet1.col(i).width = 2560 * 3 # 行，列， 内容， 样式 worksheet1.write(0, i, excel_data_1[i], style) workbook.save(os_path) # 判断工作表是否存在 if os.path.exists(os_path): # 打开工作薄 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(os_path) # 获取工作薄中所有表的个数 sheets = workbook.sheet_names() for i in range(len(sheets)): for name in data.keys(): worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[i]) # 获取工作薄中所有表中的表名与数据名对比 if worksheet.name == name: # 获取表中已存在的行数 rows_old = worksheet.nrows # 将xlrd对象拷贝转化为xlwt对象 new_workbook = copy(workbook) # 获取转化后的工作薄中的第i张表 new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(i) for num in range(0, len(data[name])): new_worksheet.write(rows_old, num, data[name][num]) new_workbook.save(os_path) print(\'保存完成----logging----！！！\')
最后代码打包一下就可以发给客户了（pyinstaller）
源码展示：
# !/usr/bin/nev python # -*-coding:utf8-*- import tkinter as tk import re, xlwt, os, xlrd from xlutils.copy import copy from requests_html import HTMLSession session = HTMLSession() class WPHSpider(object): def __init__(self): """定义可视化窗口，并设置窗口和主题大小布局""" self.window = tk.Tk() self.window.title(\'唯品会信息采集\') self.window.geometry(\'800x600\') """创建label_user按钮，与说明书""" self.label_user = tk.Label(self.window, text=\'需要爬取的商品名称：\', font=(\'Arial\', 12), width=30, height=2) self.label_user.pack() """创建label_user关联输入""" self.entry_user = tk.Entry(self.window, show=None, font=(\'Arial\', 14)) self.entry_user.pack(after=self.label_user) """创建label_passwd按钮，与说明书""" self.label_passwd = tk.Label(self.window, text="爬取多少页：（小于100）", font=(\'Arial\', 12), width=30, height=2) self.label_passwd.pack() """创建label_passwd关联输入""" self.entry_passwd = tk.Entry(self.window, show=None, font=(\'Arial\', 14)) self.entry_passwd.pack(after=self.label_passwd) """创建Text富文本框，用于按钮操作结果的展示""" self.text1 = tk.Text(self.window, font=(\'Arial\', 12), width=85, height=22) self.text1.pack() """定义按钮1，绑定触发事件方法""" self.button_1 = tk.Button(self.window, text=\'爬取\', font=(\'Arial\', 12), width=10, height=1, command=self.parse_hit_click_1) self.button_1.pack(before=self.text1) """定义按钮2，绑定触发事件方法""" self.button_2 = tk.Button(self.window, text=\'清除\', font=(\'Arial\', 12), width=10, height=1, command=self.parse_hit_click_2) self.button_2.pack(anchor="e") self.start_url = r\'https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/search/product/rank?\' self.goods_info_url = \'https://mapi.vip.com/vips-mobile/rest/shopping/pc/product/module/list/v2?\' self.headers = { \'cookie\': \'输入登录后的你的cookie值\', \'referer\': \'\', \'user-agent\': \'\' } def parse_hit_click_1(self): """定义触发事件1,调用main函数""" user_name = self.entry_user.get() pass_wd = int(self.entry_passwd.get()) self.request_start_url_get_pid(user_name, pass_wd) def request_start_url_get_pid(self, user_name, pass_wd): \'\'\' 请求获取 pid \'\'\' print(\'------------------------------------------\' + \'\n\') for page in range(1, pass_wd+1): self.params_pid = { "callback": "getMerchandiseIds", "app_name": "shop_pc", "app_version": "4.0", "warehouse": "VIP_HZ", "fdc_area_id": "104103101", "client": "pc", "mobile_platform": "1", "province_id": "104103", "api_key": "70f71280d5d547b2a7bb370a529aeea1", "user_id": "", "mars_cid": "1613809051869_ecad06e028e7248cee802bb1c6414931", "wap_consumer": "a", "standby_id": "nature", "keyword": user_name, "lv3CatIds": "", "lv2CatIds": "", "lv1CatIds": "", "brandStoreSns": "", "props": "", "priceMin": "", "priceMax": "", "vipService": "", "sort": "0", "pageOffset": (page-1)*120, "channelId": "1", "gPlatform": "PC", "batchSize": "120", "_": "1613809204088", } response_pid = session.get(self.start_url, headers=self.headers, params=self.params_pid).content.decode() for pid in re.findall(r\'"pid":"(.*?)"\', response_pid): # pprint(pid) self.request_goods_info_url(pid, user_name, pass_wd) self.text1.insert("insert", r\'******第{}页保存完成******\'.format(page)) self.text1.insert("insert", \'\n\') def request_goods_info_url(self, pid, user_name, pass_wd): \'\'\' 请求获取商品信息数据 \'\'\' self.params_info = { "callback": "getMerchandiseDroplets3", "app_name": "shop_pc", "app_version": "4.0", "warehouse": "VIP_HZ", "fdc_area_id": "104103101", "client": "pc", "mobile_platform": "1", "province_id": "104103", "api_key": "70f71280d5d547b2a7bb370a529aeea1", "user_id": "449181505", "mars_cid": "1613809051869_ecad06e028e7248cee802bb1c6414931", "wap_consumer": "b", "productIds": "{}".format(pid), "scene": "search", "standby_id": "nature", "extParams": \'{"stdSizeVids":"","preheatTipsVer":"3","couponVer":"v2","exclusivePrice":"1","iconSpec":"2x"}\', "context": "", "_": "1613810807777", } response_info = session.get(self.goods_info_url, headers=self.headers, params=self.params_info).content.decode() # pprint(response_info) self.parse_get_info(response_info, user_name, pass_wd) def parse_get_info(self, response_info, user_name, pass_wd): \'\'\' 解析获取商品信息字段 \'\'\' names = re.findall(r\'"title":"(.*?)"\', response_info) price_labels = re.findall(r\'"priceLabel":"(.*?)"\', response_info) market_prices = re.findall(r\'"marketPrice":"(.*?)"\', response_info) discounts = re.findall(r\'"saleDiscount":"(.*?)"\', response_info) sale_prices = re.findall(r\'"salePrice":"(.*?)"\', response_info) image_urls = re.findall(r\'"squareImage":"(.*?)"\', response_info) # print(names, price_labels, market_prices, discounts, sale_prices, image_urls, sep=\'| \') print(r\'***正在请求商品数据：{}\'.format(names[0])) self.text1.insert("insert", r\'***正在请求商品数据：{}\'.format(names[0])) self.text1.insert("insert", \'\n\') for name, price_label, market_price, discount, sale_price, image_url in zip(names, price_labels, market_prices, discounts, sale_prices, image_urls): a = [name, price_label, market_price+\'元\', discount, sale_price+\'元\', image_url] b = {"唯品会商品信息": a} self.save_data(b, user_name) def save_data(self, data, user_name): \'\'\' 保存数据 \'\'\' os_path_1 = os.getcwd() + \'/数据/\' if not os.path.exists(os_path_1): os.mkdir(os_path_1) os_path = os_path_1 + user_name + \'数据.xls\' if not os.path.exists(os_path): # 创建新的workbook（其实就是创建新的excel） workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding=\'utf-8\') # 创建新的sheet表 worksheet1 = workbook.add_sheet("唯品会商品信息", cell_overwrite_ok=True) borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders """定义边框实线""" borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.left_colour = 0x40 borders.right_colour = 0x40 borders.top_colour = 0x40 borders.bottom_colour = 0x40 style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style """居中写入设置""" al = xlwt.Alignment() al.horz = 0x02 # 水平居中 al.vert = 0x01 # 垂直居中 style.alignment = al # 合并 第0行到第0列 的 第0列到第13列 \'\'\'基本详情13\'\'\' # worksheet1.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 13, \'基本详情\', style) excel_data_1 = (\'商品名称\', \'商品标签\', \'市场价格\', \'商品折扣\', \'优惠后价格\', \'图片地址\') for i in range(0, len(excel_data_1)): worksheet1.col(i).width = 2560 * 3 # 行，列， 内容， 样式 worksheet1.write(0, i, excel_data_1[i], style) workbook.save(os_path) # 判断工作表是否存在 if os.path.exists(os_path): # 打开工作薄 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(os_path) # 获取工作薄中所有表的个数 sheets = workbook.sheet_names() for i in range(len(sheets)): for name in data.keys(): worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[i]) # 获取工作薄中所有表中的表名与数据名对比 if worksheet.name == name: # 获取表中已存在的行数 rows_old = worksheet.nrows # 将xlrd对象拷贝转化为xlwt对象 new_workbook = copy(workbook) # 获取转化后的工作薄中的第i张表 new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(i) for num in range(0, len(data[name])): new_worksheet.write(rows_old, num, data[name][num]) new_workbook.save(os_path) print(\'保存完成----logging----！！！\') self.text1.insert("insert", \'保存完成----logging----！！！\') self.text1.insert("insert", \'\n\') def parse_hit_click_2(self): """定义触发事件2，删除文本框中内容""" self.entry_user.delete(0, "end") self.entry_passwd.delete(0, "end") self.text1.delete("1.0", "end") def center(self): """创建窗口居中函数方法""" ws = self.window.winfo_screenwidth() hs = self.window.winfo_screenheight() x = int((ws / 2) - (800 / 2)) y = int((hs / 2) - (600 / 2)) self.window.geometry(\'{}x{}+{}+{}\'.format(800, 600, x, y)) def run_loop(self): """禁止修改窗体大小规格""" self.window.resizable(False, False) """窗口居中""" self.center() """窗口维持--持久化""" self.window.mainloop() if __name__ == \'__main__\': w= WPHSpider() w.run_loop()