本文参考：http://chenzehe.iteye.com/blog/1266260 感谢原作者的分享！
首先安装/更新一些编译时会用到的基础包
[root@localhost local]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make cmake ncurses ncurses-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl-devel bison bison-develmariadb下载： ftp://mirrors.fe.up.pt/pub/mariadb/mariadb-10.1.20/source/mariadb-10.1.20.tar.gz
编译安装MariaDB10.1.x的版本需要gcc支持c++11，不懂的朋友可以看我另外一篇文章：源码安装GCC-4.9.2
1、创建mysql用户
[root@localhost local]#groupadd mysql
[root@localhost local]#useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql #不允许mysql用户登录
2、创建数据存放目录
[root@localhost local]# mkdir -pv /data/dbdata
[root@localhost local]# mkdir -pv /data/innodb[root@localhost local]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/ #修改目录权限为mysql
3、安装mariadb
[root@localhost mariadb-10.1.19]#
cmake -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock\
-DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql\
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306\
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all\
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql\
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql\
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/dbdata\
-DWITH_XTRADB_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
-DWITH_FEDERATEDX_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STPRAGE_ENGINE=1\
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
-DWIYH_READLINE=1\
-DWIYH_SSL=system\
-DVITH_ZLIB=system\
-DWITH_LOBWRAP=0\
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8\
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
[root@localhost mariadb-10.1.19]# make
[root@localhost mariadb-10.1.19]# make install
到这里MariaDB已经算是安装上了，进行配置就可以使用了。本人在这里用的是多实例配置方法
1、初始化数据目录
#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录
[root@localhost mysql]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multiln -s /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[root@localhost mysql]#
[root@localhost mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/dbdata --user=mysql2、配置多实例数据库配置文件
a)修改my.cnf文件
[mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin user = mysql # The MySQL server [mysqld6033] port = 6033 #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock.6033 datadir = /data/dbdata pid-file = /data/dbdata/my.pid skip-external-locking skip-name-resolve interactive_timeout=86400 wait_timeout=86400 key_buffer = 384M max_allowed_packet = 4M table_cache = 8192 sort_buffer_size = 2M read_buffer_size = 2M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache = 32 query_cache_size = 64M thread_concurrency = 32 max_connection = 150 max_connect_errors=400 max_heap_table_size = 64M open_files_limit=2048 slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 2 slow-query-log-file = /data/dbdata/slowquery.sql log-bin = /data/dbdata/replication server-id = 100 #master-host = 192.168.0.100 #master-user = repuser #master-password = repuser123 #master-port = 6033 #master-connect-retry = 30 log-slave-updates skip-slave-start character-set-server = utf8 collation_server = utf8_general_ci master-info-file = /data/dbdata/master.info # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables innodb_data_home_dir = /data/innodb innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:200M;ibdata2:200M;ibdata3:200M;ibdata4:200M;ibdata5:200M innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/innodb/ innodb_log_arch_dir = /data/innodb/ innodb_buffer_pool_size = 700M innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 256M innodb_log_file_size = 256M innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 default_storage_engine = innodb
3、启动多实例数据库
#将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH #插入到最后一行
#启动mysql[root@localhost mysql]# mysqld_multi start 6033 –user #6033是my.cnf里设置的端口
# 使用mysqld启动
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
service mysqld start
在启动的时候会加载innodb，中途不能重启，否则会出现如下错误
151114 00:59:38 mysqld started
151114 0:59:38 [Warning] option 'thread_stack': unsigned value 126976 adjusted to 131072
InnoDB: No valid checkpoint found.
InnoDB: If this error appears when you are creating an InnoDB database,
InnoDB: the problem may be that during an earlier attempt you managed
InnoDB: to create the InnoDB data files, but log file creation failed.
InnoDB: If that is the case, please refer to
InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/error-creating-innodb.html
151114 0:59:38 [ERROR] Default storage engine (InnoDB) is not available
151114 0:59:38 [ERROR] Aborting
151114 0:59:38 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete
151114 00:59:38 mysqld ended
删除innodb文件夹，重新启动就可以了