索引文档:

对于员工目录,我们将做如下操作:

  • 每个员工索引一个文档,文档包含该员工的所有信息。
  • 每个文档都将是类型 。
  • 该类型位于 索引 megacorp 内。
  • 该索引保存在我们的 Elasticsearch 集群中。

实践中这非常简单(尽管看起来有很多步骤),我们可以通过一条命令完成所有这些动作:

PUT /megacorp/employee/1
{
    "first_name" : "John",
    "last_name" :  "Smith",
    "age" :        25,
    "about" :      "I love to go rock climbing",
    "interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}

 

注意,路径 /megacorp/employee/1 包含了三部分的信息:

megacorp 索引名称
employee 类型名称
1      特定雇员的ID

检索文档:

这在 Elasticsearch 中很简单。简单地执行使用这三个信息可以返回原始的 JSON 文档:

GET /megacorp/employee/1

 返回结果包含了文档的一些元数据,以及 _source 属性,内容是 John Smith 雇员的原始 JSON 文档

{
  "_index" :   "megacorp",
  "_type" :    "employee",
  "_id" :      "1",
  "_version" : 1,
  "found" :    true,
  "_source" :  {
      "first_name" :  "John",
      "last_name" :   "Smith",
      "age" :         25,
      "about" :       "I love to go rock climbing",
      "interests":  [ "sports", "music" ]
  }
}

轻量搜索:

GET /megacorp/employee/_search

可以看到,我们仍然使用索引库 megacorp 以及类型 employee`,但与指定一个文档 ID 不同,这次使用 `_search 。返回结果包括了所有三个文档,放在数组 hits 中。一个搜索默认返回十条结果。

{
   "took":      6,
   "timed_out": false,
   "_shards": { ... },
   "hits": {
      "total":      3,
      "max_score":  1,
      "hits": [
         {
            "_index":         "megacorp",
            "_type":          "employee",
            "_id":            "3",
            "_score":         1,
            "_source": {
               "first_name":  "Douglas",
               "last_name":   "Fir",
               "age":         35,
               "about":       "I like to build cabinets",
               "interests": [ "forestry" ]
            }
         },
         {
            "_index":         "megacorp",
            "_type":          "employee",
            "_id":            "1",
            "_score":         1,
            "_source": {
               "first_name":  "John",
               "last_name":   "Smith",
               "age":         25,
               "about":       "I love to go rock climbing",
               "interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
            }
         },
         {
            "_index":         "megacorp",
            "_type":          "employee",
            "_id":            "2",
            "_score":         1,
            "_source": {
               "first_name":  "Jane",
               "last_name":   "Smith",
               "age":         32,
               "about":       "I like to collect rock albums",
               "interests": [ "music" ]
            }
         }
      ]
   }
}
View Code

接下来,尝试下搜索姓氏为 ``Smith`` 的雇员。为此,我们将使用一个 高亮 搜索,很容易通过命令行完成。这个方法一般涉及到一个查询字符串 (_query-string_) 搜索,因为我们通过一个URL参数来传递查询信息给搜索接口:

GET /megacorp/employee/_search?q=last_name:Smith

 curl -X GET "localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?q=last_name:Smith&pretty"

{
   ...
   "hits": {
      "total":      2,
      "max_score":  0.30685282,
      "hits": [
         {
            ...
            "_source": {
               "first_name":  "John",
               "last_name":   "Smith",
               "age":         25,
               "about":       "I love to go rock climbing",
               "interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
            }
         },
         {
            ...
            "_source": {
               "first_name":  "Jane",
               "last_name":   "Smith",
               "age":         32,
               "about":       "I like to collect rock albums",
               "interests": [ "music" ]
            }
         }
      ]
   }
}
View Code

相关文章: