前言:本文是基于Spring和ActiveMQ的一个示例文章,包括了Point-To-Point的异步队列消息和PUB/SUB(发布/订阅)模型,只是做了比较简单的实现,无任何业务方面的东西,作为一个入门教程。
适合对象:希望学习ActiveMQ的朋友,以及利用Spring将ActiveMQ集成到系统中
所需知识:Springframework,JMS,如果不清楚可以看看http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/Java消息服务
下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c0ms8mc
目录结构:
Maven依赖:
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<!-- Jar版本管理 --> <properties>
<springframework>4.0.2.RELEASE</springframework>
<log4j>1.2.17</log4j>
<activemq>5.9.0</activemq>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring web mvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springframework}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 提供JMS,Freemarker,Quartz集成服务 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${springframework}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 集成JMS -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${springframework}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- xbean 如<amq:connectionFactory /> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.xbean</groupId>
<artifactId>xbean-spring</artifactId>
<version>3.16</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Active MQ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
<artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
<version>${activemq}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
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jar包截图
web.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 通过http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/获取最新的schemaLocation --><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringActivemqServer</display-name>
<!-- WebAppRootKey -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>example.SpringActivemqServer</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Log4J Start -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>6000</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring Log4J config -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Log4J End -->
<!-- Spring 编码过滤器 start -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring 编码过滤器 End -->
<!-- Spring Application Context Listener Start -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml,classpath*:ActiveMQ.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring Application Context Listener End -->
<!-- Spring MVC Config Start -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<!-- Filter all resources -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Spring MVC Config End -->
</web-app>
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applicationContext.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 查找最新的schemaLocation 访问 http://www.springframework.org/schema/ --><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.9.0.xsd">
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>
<!-- 配置扫描路径 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.xdemo.example">
<!-- 只扫描Service,也可以添加Repostory,但是要把Controller排除在外,Controller由spring-mvc.xml去加载 -->
<!-- <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" /> -->
<!-- <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository" /> -->
<!-- <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Component" /> -->
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
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spring-mvc.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 查找最新的schemaLocation 访问 http://www.springframework.org/schema/ --><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 启用MVC注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 静态资源文件,不会被Spring MVC拦截 -->
<mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>
<!-- 指定Sping组件扫描的基本包路径 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.xdemo.example" >
<!-- 这里只扫描Controller,不可重复加载Service -->
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- JSP视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
<property name="order" value="1" />
</bean>
</beans>
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ActiveMQ.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 查找最新的schemaLocation 访问 http://www.springframework.org/schema/ --><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"
xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-4.0.xsd
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.8.0.xsd">
<amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory"
brokerURL="tcp://localhost:61616" userName="admin" password="admin" />
<bean id="connectionFactory"
class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
<constructor-arg ref="amqConnectionFactory" />
<property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100" />
</bean>
<!-- ====Producer side start====-->
<!-- 定义JmsTemplate的Queue类型 -->
<bean id="jmsQueueTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory" />
<!-- 非pub/sub模型(发布/订阅),即队列模式 -->
<property name="pubSubDomain" value="false" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义JmsTemplate的Topic类型 -->
<bean id="jmsTopicTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory" />
<!-- pub/sub模型(发布/订阅) -->
<property name="pubSubDomain" value="true" />
</bean>
<!-- ====Producer side end====-->
<!-- ====Consumer side start====-->
<!-- 定义Queue监听器 -->
<jms:listener-container destination-type="queue" container-type="default" connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<jms:listener destination="test.queue" ref="queueReceiver"/>
<jms:listener destination="test.queue" ref="queueReceiver2"/>
</jms:listener-container>
<!-- 定义Topic监听器 -->
<jms:listener-container destination-type="topic" container-type="default" connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<jms:listener destination="test.topic" ref="topicReceiver"/>
<jms:listener destination="test.topic" ref="topicReceiver2"/>
</jms:listener-container>
<!-- ====Consumer side end==== -->
</beans>
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队列消息生产者
QueueSender.java
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package org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.producer.queue;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.Session;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @作者 Goofy
* @邮件 252878950@qq.com
* @日期 2014-4-1上午9:40:24
* @描述 发送消息到队列
*/
@Componentpublic class QueueSender {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("jmsQueueTemplate")
private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;//通过@Qualifier修饰符来注入对应的bean
/**
* 发送一条消息到指定的队列(目标)
* @param queueName 队列名称
* @param message 消息内容
*/
public void send(String queueName,final String message){
jmsTemplate.send(queueName, new MessageCreator() {
@Override
public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
return session.createTextMessage(message);
}
});
}
} |
主题(Topic)消息生产者TopicSender.java
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package org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.producer.topic;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.Session;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @作者 Goofy
* @邮件 252878950@qq.com
* @日期 2014-4-1上午9:40:32
* @描述 发送消息到主题
*/
@Componentpublic class TopicSender {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("jmsTopicTemplate")
private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
/**
* 发送一条消息到指定的队列(目标)
* @param queueName 队列名称
* @param message 消息内容
*/
public void send(String topicName,final String message){
jmsTemplate.send(topicName, new MessageCreator() {
@Override
public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
return session.createTextMessage(message);
}
});
}
} |
消费者
队列消费者QueueReceiver.java
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/** *
*/
package org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.consumer.queue;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @作者 Goofy
* @邮件 252878950@qq.com
* @日期 2014-4-1上午10:11:51
* @描述 队列消息监听器
*/
@Componentpublic class QueueReceiver implements MessageListener {
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
System.out.println("QueueReceiver1接收到消息:"+((TextMessage)message).getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} |
QueueReceiver2.java
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/** *
*/
package org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.consumer.queue;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @作者 Goofy
* @邮件 252878950@qq.com
* @日期 2014-4-1上午10:11:51
* @描述 队列消息监听器
*/
@Componentpublic class QueueReceiver2 implements MessageListener {
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
System.out.println("QueueReceiver2接收到消息:"+((TextMessage)message).getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} |
主题(Topic)消费者
TopicReceiver.java
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/** *
*/
package org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.consumer.topic;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @作者 Goofy
* @邮件 252878950@qq.com
* @日期 2014-4-1上午10:13:47
* @描述 Topic消息监听器
*/
@Componentpublic class TopicReceiver implements MessageListener{
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
System.out.println("TopicReceiver1接收到消息:"+((TextMessage)message).getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} |
TopicRecever.java
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/** *
*/
package org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.consumer.topic;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @作者 Goofy
* @邮件 252878950@qq.com
* @日期 2014-4-1上午10:13:47
* @描述 Topic消息监听器
*/
@Componentpublic class TopicReceiver2 implements MessageListener{
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
System.out.println("TopicReceiver2接收到消息:"+((TextMessage)message).getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} |
控制器Controller代码
ActivemqController.java
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/** *
*/
package org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.controller;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.producer.queue.QueueSender;
import org.xdemo.example.SpringActivemq.mq.producer.topic.TopicSender;
/** * @作者 Goofy
* @邮件 252878950@qq.com
* @日期 2014-4-1上午10:54:11
* @描述 测试
*/
@Controller@RequestMapping("/activemq")
public class ActivemqController {
@Resource QueueSender queueSender;
@Resource TopicSender topicSender;
/**
* 发送消息到队列
* @param message
* @return String
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("queueSender")
public String queueSender(@RequestParam("message")String message){
String opt="";
try {
queueSender.send("test.queue", message);
opt="suc";
} catch (Exception e) {
opt=e.getCause().toString();
}
return opt;
}
/**
* 发送消息到主题
* @param message
* @return String
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("topicSender")
public String topicSender(@RequestParam("message")String message){
String opt="";
try {
topicSender.send("test.topic", message);
opt="suc";
} catch (Exception e) {
opt=e.getCause().toString();
}
return opt;
}
} |
前端页面代码:
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<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<% String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html><head><base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>ActiveMQ Demo程序</title><meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=basePath%>resources/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
.h1 { margin: 0 auto;
}#producer{ width: 48%;
border: 1px solid blue;
height: 80%;
align:center;
margin:0 auto;
}body{ text-align :center;
} div { text-align :center;
}textarea{ width:80%;
height:100px;
border:1px solid gray;
}button{ rgb(62, 156, 66);
border: none;
font-weight: bold;
color: white;
height:30px;
}</style><script type="text/javascript">
function send(controller){
if($("#message").val()==""){
$("#message").css("border","1px solid red");
return;
}else{
$("#message").css("border","1px solid gray");
}
$.ajax({
type: 'post',
url:'<%=basePath%>activemq/'+controller,
dataType:'text',
data:{"message":$("#message").val()},
success:function(data){
if(data=="suc"){
$("#status").html("<font color=green>发送成功</font>");
setTimeout(clear,1000);
}else{
$("#status").html("<font color=red>"+data+"</font>");
setTimeout(clear,5000);
}
},
error:function(data){
$("#status").html("<font color=red>ERROR:"+data["status"]+","+data["statusText"]+"</font>");
setTimeout(clear,5000);
}
});
}
function clear(){
$("#status").html("");
}
</script></head><body> <h1>Hello ActiveMQ</h1>
<div id="producer">
<h2>Producer</h2>
<textarea id="message"></textarea>
<br>
<button onclick="send('queueSender')">发送的Queue</button>
<button onclick="send('topicSender')">发送的Topic</button>
<br>
<span id="status"></span>
</div>
</body></html> |
运行截图:
消息发送采用的是Spring提供的JmsTemplate,采用的是异步操作的方式,将消息发布到队列中,消费者可以随时接受这条消息。
从上图可以看出队列模型和PUB/SUB模型的区别,Queue只能由一个消费者接收,其他Queue中的成员无法接受到被已消费的信息,而Topic则可以,只要是订阅了Topic的消费者,全部可以获取到生产者发布的信息。
1 queue与topic的技术特点对比
Topic和queue的最大区别在于topic是以广播的形式,通知所有在线监听的客户端有新的消息,没有监听的客户端将收不到消息;而queue则是以点对点的形式通知多个处于监听状态的客户端中的一个。
|
Topic |
Queue |
|
|
概要 |
Publish Subscribe messaging 发布订阅消息 |
Point-to-Point 点对点 |
|
有无状态 |
topic数据默认不落地,是无状态的。 |
Queue数据默认会在mq服务器上以文件形式保存,比如Active MQ一般保存在$AMQ_HOME\data\kr-store\data下面。也可以配置成DB存储。 |
|
完整性保障 |
并不保证publisher发布的每条数据,Subscriber都能接受到。 |
Queue保证每条数据都能被receiver接收。 |
|
消息是否会丢失 |
一般来说publisher发布消息到某一个topic时,只有正在监听该topic地址的sub能够接收到消息;如果没有sub在监听,该topic就丢失了。 |
Sender发送消息到目标Queue,receiver可以异步接收这个Queue上的消息。Queue上的消息如果暂时没有receiver来取,也不会丢失。 |
|
消息发布接收策略 |
一对多的消息发布接收策略,监听同一个topic地址的多个sub都能收到publisher发送的消息。Sub接收完通知mq服务器 |
一对一的消息发布接收策略,一个sender发送的消息,只能有一个receiver接收。receiver接收完后,通知mq服务器已接收,mq服务器对queue里的消息采取删除或其他操作。 |
2 topic和queue方式的消息处理效率比较
通过增加监听客户端的并发数来验证,topic的消息推送,是否会因为监听客户端的并发上升而出现明显的下降,测试环境的服务器为ci环境的ActiveMQ,客户端为我的本机。
从实测的结果来看,topic方式发送的消息,发送和接收的效率,在一个订阅者和100个订阅者的前提下没有明显差异,但在500个订阅者(线程)并发的前提下,效率差异很明显(由于500线程并发的情况下,我本机的cpu占用率已高达70-90%,所以无法确认是我本机测试造成的性能瓶颈还是topic消息发送方式存在性能瓶颈,造成效率下降如此明显)。
Topic方式发送的消息与queue方式发送的消息,发送和接收的效率,在一个订阅者和100个订阅者的前提下没有明显差异,但在500个订阅者并发的前提下,topic方式的效率明显低于queue。
Queue方式发送的消息,在一个订阅者、100个订阅者和500个订阅者的前提下,发送和接收的效率没有明显变化。
Topic实测数据:
|
|
发送者发送的消息总数 |
所有订阅者接收到消息的总数 |
消息发送和接收平均耗时 |
|
单订阅者 |
100 |
100 |
101ms |
|
100订阅者 |
100 |
10000 |
103ms |
|
500订阅者 |
100 |
50000 |
14162ms |
Queue实测数据:
|
|
发送者发送的消息总数 |
所有订阅者接收到消息的总数 |
消息发送和接收平均耗时 |
|
单订阅者 |
100 |
100 |
96ms |
|
100订阅者 |
100 |
100 |
96ms |
|
500订阅者 |
100 |
100 |
100ms |
3 topic方式的消息处理示例
3.1 通过客户端代码调用来发送一个topic的消息:
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
publicclass SendTopic {
privatestaticfinalint SEND_NUMBER = 5;
publicstaticvoid sendMessage(Session session, MessageProducer producer)
throws Exception {
for ( int i = 1; i <= SEND_NUMBER; i++) {
TextMessage message = session
.createTextMessage("ActiveMq发送的消息" + i);
//发送消息到目的地方
System. out.println("发送消息:" + "ActiveMq 发送的消息" + i);
producer.send(message);
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
// ConnectionFactory:连接工厂,JMS用它创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
// Connection:JMS客户端到JMS Provider的连接
Connection connection = null;
// Session:一个发送或接收消息的线程
Session session;
// Destination:消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.
Destination destination;
// MessageProducer:消息发送者
MessageProducer producer;
// TextMessage message;
//构造ConnectionFactory实例对象,此处采用ActiveMq的实现jar
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
ActiveMQConnection. DEFAULT_USER,
ActiveMQConnection. DEFAULT_PASSWORD,
"tcp://10.20.8.198:61616");
try {
//构造从工厂得到连接对象
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
//启动
connection.start();
//获取操作连接
session = connection.createSession( true, Session. AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
//获取session注意参数值FirstTopic是一个服务器的topic(与queue消息的发送相比,这里是唯一的不同)
destination = session.createTopic("FirstTopic");
//得到消息生成者【发送者】
producer = session.createProducer(destination);
//设置不持久化,此处学习,实际根据项目决定
producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode. PERSISTENT);
//构造消息,此处写死,项目就是参数,或者方法获取
sendMessage(session, producer);
session.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if ( null != connection)
connection.close();
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
}
}
}
}
3.2 启动多个客户端监听来接收topic的消息:
publicclass ReceiveTopic implements Runnable {
private StringthreadName;
ReceiveTopic(String threadName) {
this.threadName = threadName;
}
publicvoid run() {
// ConnectionFactory:连接工厂,JMS用它创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
// Connection:JMS客户端到JMS Provider的连接
Connection connection = null;
// Session:一个发送或接收消息的线程
Session session;
// Destination:消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.
Destination destination;
//消费者,消息接收者
MessageConsumer consumer;
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(
ActiveMQConnection. DEFAULT_USER,
ActiveMQConnection. DEFAULT_PASSWORD,"tcp://10.20.8.198:61616");
try {
//构造从工厂得到连接对象
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
//启动
connection.start();
//获取操作连接,默认自动向服务器发送接收成功的响应
session = connection.createSession( false, Session. AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
//获取session注意参数值FirstTopic是一个服务器的topic
destination = session.createTopic("FirstTopic");
consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
while ( true) {
//设置接收者接收消息的时间,为了便于测试,这里设定为100s
TextMessage message = (TextMessage) consumer
.receive(100 * 1000);
if ( null != message) {
System. out.println("线程"+threadName+"收到消息:" + message.getText());
} else {
continue;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if ( null != connection)
connection.close();
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
//这里启动3个线程来监听FirstTopic的消息,与queue的方式不一样三个线程都能收到同样的消息
ReceiveTopic receive1= new ReceiveTopic("thread1");
ReceiveTopic receive2= new ReceiveTopic("thread2");
ReceiveTopic receive3= new ReceiveTopic("thread3");
Thread thread1= new Thread(receive1);
Thread thread2= new Thread(receive2);
Thread thread3= new Thread(receive3);
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
thread3.start();
}
}