学习 MySQL中导入导出CSV

MySQL中导出CSV格式数据的SQL语句样本如下：

Sql代码

[sql] view plain copy

MySQL中导入CSV格式数据的SQL语句样本如下：

Sql代码

[sql] view plain copy

里面最关键的部分就是格式参数

Sql代码

[sql] view plain copy

这个参数是根据RFC4180文档设置的，该文档全称Common Format and MIME Type for Comma-Separated Values (CSV) Files，其中详细描述了CSV格式，其要点包括：

(1)字段之间以逗号分隔，数据行之间以\r\n分隔；

(2)字符串以半角双引号包围，字符串本身的双引号用两个双引号表示。

文件：test_csv.sql

Sql代码

use test;
create table test_info (
id integer not null,
content varchar(64) not null,
primary key (id)
);
delete from test_info;
insert into test_info values (2010, \'hello, line
suped
seped
"
end\'
);
select * from test_info;
select * from test_info into outfile \'/tmp/test.csv\' fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'"\' escaped by \'"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\';
delete from test_info;
load data infile \'/tmp/test.csv\' into table test_info fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'"\' escaped by \'"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\';
select * from test_info;

[sql] view plain copy

use test;
create table test_info (
id integer not null,
content varchar(64) not null,
primary key (id)
);
delete from test_info;
insert into test_info values (2010, \'hello, line
suped
seped
"
end\'
);
select * from test_info;
select * from test_info into outfile \'/tmp/test.csv\' fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'"\' escaped by \'"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\';
delete from test_info;
load data infile \'/tmp/test.csv\' into table test_info fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'"\' escaped by \'"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\';
select * from test_info;

文件：test.csv

Text代码

[Text] view plain copy

在Linux下如果经常要进行这样的导入导出操作，当然最好与Shell脚本结合起来，为了避免每次都要写格式参数，可以把这个串保存在变量中，如下所示：(文件mysql.sh)

Bash代码

#!/bin/sh
# file: mysql.sh
# description: Bash中操作MySQL数据库
# license: LGPL
# author: codingstandards
# email: codingstandards@gmail.com
# version: 1.0
# date: 2010.02.28
# MySQL中导入导出数据时，使用CSV格式时的命令行参数
# 在导出数据时使用：select ... from ... [where ...] into outfile \'/tmp/data.csv\' $MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT;
# 在导入数据时使用：load data infile \'/tmp/data.csv\' into table ... $MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT;
# CSV标准文档：RFC 4180
MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT="fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'\"\' escaped by \'\"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\'"

使用示例如下：(文件test_mysql_csv.sh)

Bash代码

#!/bin/sh
. /opt/shtools/commons/mysql.sh
# MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT="fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'\"\' escaped by \'\"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\'"
echo "MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT=$MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT"
rm /tmp/test.csv
mysql -p --default-character-set=gbk -t --verbose test <<EOF
use test;
create table if not exists test_info (
id integer not null,
content varchar(64) not null,
primary key (id)
);
delete from test_info;
insert into test_info values (2010, \'hello, line
suped
seped
"
end\'
);
select * from test_info;
-- select * from test_info into outfile \'/tmp/test.csv\' fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'"\' escaped by \'"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\';
select * from test_info into outfile \'/tmp/test.csv\' $MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT;
delete from test_info;
-- load data infile \'/tmp/test.csv\' into table test_info fields terminated by \',\' optionally enclosed by \'"\' escaped by \'"\' lines terminated by \'\r\n\';
load data infile \'/tmp/test.csv\' into table test_info $MYSQL_CSV_FORMAT;
select * from test_info;
EOF
echo "===== content in /tmp/test.csv ====="
cat /tmp/test.csv