1、启用Ad Hoc Distributed Queries
在使用openrowset/opendatasource前搜先要启用Ad Hoc Distributed Queries服务，因为这个服务不安全所以SqlServer默认是关闭的
启用Ad Hoc Distributed Queries的方法
SQL Server 阻止了对组件 \'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries\' 的 STATEMENT\'OpenRowset/OpenDatasource\'
的访问，因为此组件已作为此服务器安全配置的一部分而被关闭。系统管理员可以通过使用
sp_configure 启用 \'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries\'。有关启用 \'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries\' 的详细
信息，请参阅 SQL Server 联机丛书中的 "外围应用配置器"。
启用Ad Hoc Distributed Queries的方法，执行下面的查询语句就可以了：
exec sp_configure \'show advanced options\',1
reconfigure
exec sp_configure \'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries\',1
reconfigure
使用完毕后，记得一定要要关闭它，因为这是一个安全隐患,切记执行下面的SQL语句
exec sp_configure \'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries\',0
reconfigure
exec sp_configure \'show advanced options\',0
reconfigure
2、使用示例
--创建链接服务器
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSV \', \' \', \'SQLOLEDB \', \'远程服务器名或ip地址 \'
exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin \'ITSV \', \'false \',null, \'用户名 \', \'密码 \'
--查询示例
select * from ITSV.数据库名.dbo.表名
--导入示例
select * into 表 from ITSV.数据库名.dbo.表名
--以后不再使用时删除链接服务器
exec sp_dropserver \'ITSV \', \'droplogins \'
--连接远程/局域网数据(openrowset/openquery/opendatasource)
--1、openrowset
--查询示例
select * from openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)
--生成本地表
select * into 表 from openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)
--把本地表导入远程表
insert openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)
select *from 本地表
--更新本地表
update b
set b.列A=a.列A
from openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)as a inner join 本地表 b
on a.column1=b.column1
--openquery用法需要创建一个连接
--首先创建一个连接创建链接服务器
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSV \', \' \', \'SQLOLEDB \', \'远程服务器名或ip地址 \'
--查询
select *
FROM openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 \')
--把本地表导入远程表
insert openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 \')
select * from 本地表
--更新本地表
update b
set b.列B=a.列B
FROM openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 \') as a
inner join 本地表 b on a.列A=b.列A
--3、opendatasource/openrowset
SELECT *
FROM opendatasource( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'Data Source=ip/ServerName;User ID=登陆名;Password=密码 \' ).test.dbo.roy_ta
--把本地表导入远程表
insert opendatasource( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'Data Source=ip/ServerName;User ID=登陆名;Password=密码 \').数据库.dbo.表名
select * from 本地表
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSV \', \' \', \'SQLOLEDB \', \'远程服务器名或ip地址 \'
exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin \'ITSV \', \'false \',null, \'用户名 \', \'密码 \'
--查询示例
select * from ITSV.数据库名.dbo.表名
--导入示例
select * into 表 from ITSV.数据库名.dbo.表名
--以后不再使用时删除链接服务器
exec sp_dropserver \'ITSV \', \'droplogins \'
--连接远程/局域网数据(openrowset/openquery/opendatasource)
--1、openrowset
--查询示例
select * from openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)
--生成本地表
select * into 表 from openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)
--把本地表导入远程表
insert openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)
select *from 本地表
--更新本地表
update b
set b.列A=a.列A
from openrowset( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'sql服务器名 \'; \'用户名 \'; \'密码 \',数据库名.dbo.表名)as a inner join 本地表 b
on a.column1=b.column1
--openquery用法需要创建一个连接
--首先创建一个连接创建链接服务器
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSV \', \' \', \'SQLOLEDB \', \'远程服务器名或ip地址 \'
--查询
select *
FROM openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 \')
--把本地表导入远程表
insert openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 \')
select * from 本地表
--更新本地表
update b
set b.列B=a.列B
FROM openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 \') as a
inner join 本地表 b on a.列A=b.列A
--3、opendatasource/openrowset
SELECT *
FROM opendatasource( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'Data Source=ip/ServerName;User ID=登陆名;Password=密码 \' ).test.dbo.roy_ta
--把本地表导入远程表
insert opendatasource( \'SQLOLEDB \', \'Data Source=ip/ServerName;User ID=登陆名;Password=密码 \').数据库.dbo.表名
select * from 本地表
3、自己写的例子
--openrowset使用OLEDB的一些例子
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);PWD=***;UID=sa;\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);PWD=***;UID=sa;\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',\'select school.id as id1,people.id as id2 from TB.dbo.school inner join TB.dbo.people on school.id=people.id\') as t
--openrowset使用SQLNCLI的一些例子(SQLNCLI在SqlServer2005以上才能使用)
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;DataBase=TB\',\'select * from dbo.school\') as t
--openrowset其他使用
insert openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') values(\'ghjkl\')/*要不要where都一样，插入一行*/
update openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') set name=\'kkkkkk\'
delete from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\')
--opendatasource使用SQLNCLI的一些例子
select * from opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;\').TB.dbo.school as t
select * from opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;DataBase=TB\').TB.dbo.school as t
--opendatasource使用OLEDB的例子
select * from opendatasource(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school as t
--opendatasource其他使用
insert opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school(name) values(\'ghjkl\')/*要不要where都一样，插入一行*/
update opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school set name=\'kkkkkk\'
delete from opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school where id=1
--openquery使用OLEDB的一些例子
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSV\', \'\', \'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\'
exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin \'ITSV\', \'false\',null, \'sa\', \'***\'
select * FROM openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM TB.dbo.school \')
--openquery使用SQLNCLI的一些例子
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSVA\', \'\', \'SQLNCLI\',\'(local)\'
exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin \'ITSVA\', \'false\',null, \'sa\', \'***\'
select * FROM openquery(ITSVA, \'SELECT * FROM TB.dbo.school \')
--openquery其他使用
insert openquery(ITSVA,\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') values(\'ghjkl\')/*要不要where都一样，插入一行*/
update openquery(ITSVA,\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') set name=\'kkkkkk\'
delete openquery(ITSVA,\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\')
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);PWD=***;UID=sa;\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);PWD=***;UID=sa;\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',\'select school.id as id1,people.id as id2 from TB.dbo.school inner join TB.dbo.people on school.id=people.id\') as t
--openrowset使用SQLNCLI的一些例子(SQLNCLI在SqlServer2005以上才能使用)
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'(local)\';\'sa\';\'***\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;\',\'select * from TB.dbo.school\') as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;\',TB.dbo.school) as t
select * from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;DataBase=TB\',\'select * from dbo.school\') as t
--openrowset其他使用
insert openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') values(\'ghjkl\')/*要不要where都一样，插入一行*/
update openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') set name=\'kkkkkk\'
delete from openrowset(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\',\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\')
--opendatasource使用SQLNCLI的一些例子
select * from opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;\').TB.dbo.school as t
select * from opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);UID=sa;PWD=***;DataBase=TB\').TB.dbo.school as t
--opendatasource使用OLEDB的例子
select * from opendatasource(\'SQLOLEDB\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school as t
--opendatasource其他使用
insert opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school(name) values(\'ghjkl\')/*要不要where都一样，插入一行*/
update opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school set name=\'kkkkkk\'
delete from opendatasource(\'SQLNCLI\',\'Server=(local);Trusted_Connection=yes;\').TB.dbo.school where id=1
--openquery使用OLEDB的一些例子
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSV\', \'\', \'SQLOLEDB\',\'(local)\'
exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin \'ITSV\', \'false\',null, \'sa\', \'***\'
select * FROM openquery(ITSV, \'SELECT * FROM TB.dbo.school \')
--openquery使用SQLNCLI的一些例子
exec sp_addlinkedserver \'ITSVA\', \'\', \'SQLNCLI\',\'(local)\'
exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin \'ITSVA\', \'false\',null, \'sa\', \'***\'
select * FROM openquery(ITSVA, \'SELECT * FROM TB.dbo.school \')
--openquery其他使用
insert openquery(ITSVA,\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') values(\'ghjkl\')/*要不要where都一样，插入一行*/
update openquery(ITSVA,\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\') set name=\'kkkkkk\'
delete openquery(ITSVA,\'select name from TB.dbo.school where id=1\')
4、总结
可以看到SqlServer连接多服务器的方式有3种
其中我个人认为openrowset最好，使用简单而且支持在连接时制定查询语句使用很灵活
openquery也不错查询时也可以指定查询语句使用也很灵活，不过查询前要先用exec sp_addlinkedserver和exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin建立服务器和服务器连接稍显麻烦
opendatasource稍显欠佳，他无法在连接时指定查询使用起来稍显笨拙
另外还可以连接到远程Analysis服务器做MDX查询，再用T-Sql做嵌套查询，可见T-SQL的远程查询非常强大