一、基本概念
1、副本集：一个副本集就是一组MongoDB实例组成的集群，由一个主（Primary）服务器和多个备份（Secondary）服务器构成
2、主节点（master）：主节点接收所有写入操作。主节点将对其数据集所做的所有更改记录到其 oplog。
3、副节点（secondary）：复制主节点的 oplog 并将操作应用到其数据集，如果主节点不可用，一个合格的副节点将被选为新的主节点。
4、仲裁节点（arbiter）：负载选举，当主节点不可用，它将从副节点中选一个作为主节点。
二、部署副本集
1、下载monodb镜像，我这里版本为：3.2.11
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/boshen-ns/mongodb:3.2.11
docker tag docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/boshen-ns/mongodb:3.2.11 mongodb:3.2.11
2、创建三个mongodb的数据目录：
mkdir -p /home/mongodb-cluster/data/master mkdir -p /home/mongodb-cluster/data/secondary mkdir -p /home/mongodb-cluster/data/arbiter
3、编写docker-compose.yml
version: '2.1' services: master: image: mongodb:3.2.11 container_name: master restart: always ports: - 27017:27017 volumes: - ./data/master:/data/db command: mongod --dbpath /data/db --replSet testSet --oplogSize 128 secondary: image: mongodb:3.2.11 container_name: secondary restart: always ports: - 27018:27017 volumes: - ./data/secondary:/data/db command: mongod --dbpath /data/db --replSet testSet --oplogSize 128 arbiter: image: mongodb:3.2.11 container_name: arbiter restart: always ports: - 27019:27017 volumes: - ./data/arbiter:/data/db command: mongod --replSet testSet --smallfiles --oplogSize 128
4、启动
docker-compse up -d
5、配置副本集
1）进入容器内部：
docker exec -it master mongo
2）在mongo shell里面执行：rs.initiate()
3）继续执行：rs.add('172.16.1.11:27018') 表示将secondary添加进副本集
4）继续执行：rs.add('172.16.1.11:27019',true) 其中true表示这个节点是仲裁节点
5）查看配置
testSet:PRIMARY> rs.conf() { "_id" : "testSet", "version" : 77284, "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1), "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "host" : "172.16.1.11:27017", "arbiterOnly" : false, "buildIndexes" : true, "hidden" : false, "priority" : 1, "tags" : { }, "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0), "votes" : 1 }, { "_id" : 1, "host" : "172.16.1.11:27018", "arbiterOnly" : false, "buildIndexes" : true, "hidden" : false, "priority" : 1, "tags" : { }, "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0), "votes" : 1 }, { "_id" : 2, "host" : "172.16.1.11:27019", "arbiterOnly" : true, "buildIndexes" : true, "hidden" : false, "priority" : 1, "tags" : { }, "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0), "votes" : 1 } ], "settings" : { "chainingAllowed" : true, "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : 2000, "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10, "electionTimeoutMillis" : 10000, "getLastErrorModes" : { }, "getLastErrorDefaults" : { "w" : 1, "wtimeout" : 0 }, "replicaSetId" : ObjectId("5c6fb85fb21aeac107319862") } }
6）查看状态
testSet:PRIMARY> rs.status() { "set" : "testSet", "date" : ISODate("2019-02-26T02:12:48.124Z"), "myState" : 1, "term" : NumberLong(2), "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000), "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "name" : "172.16.1.11:27017", "health" : 1, "state" : 2, "stateStr" : "SECONDARY", "uptime" : 268, "optime" : { "ts" : Timestamp(1551147003, 4), "t" : NumberLong(2) }, "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-02-26T02:10:03Z"), "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-02-26T02:12:46.189Z"), "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-02-26T02:12:46.188Z"), "pingMs" : NumberLong(0), "syncingTo" : "172.16.1.11:27018", "configVersion" : 77284 }, { "_id" : 1, "name" : "172.16.1.11:27018", "health" : 1, "state" : 1, "stateStr" : "PRIMARY", "uptime" : 938, "optime" : { "ts" : Timestamp(1551147003, 4), "t" : NumberLong(2) }, "optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-02-26T02:10:03Z"), "electionTime" : Timestamp(1551146242, 1), "electionDate" : ISODate("2019-02-26T01:57:22Z"), "configVersion" : 77284, "self" : true }, { "_id" : 2, "name" : "172.16.1.11:27019", "health" : 1, "state" : 7, "stateStr" : "ARBITER", "uptime" : 270, "lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-02-26T02:12:46.189Z"), "lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-02-26T02:12:48.118Z"), "pingMs" : NumberLong(0), "configVersion" : 77284 } ], "ok" : 1 }
如果想要修改副本集的配置，可以采用以下方法：
conf=rs.conf() conf.members[0].host="172.16.1.11:27017" rs.reconfig(conf,{"force":true})
三、验证mongdb可用性：
由上测试可知：副节点只能读，不能写
二、windows客户端连接mongodb
1、登录mongo shell，创建一个admin用户
testSet:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user:"admin",pwd:"admin",roles:[{"role":"userAdminAnyDatabase","db":"admin"},{"role":"readWrite","db":"testdb"}]}) Successfully added user: { "user" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "testdb" } ] }
2、安装 robomongo-1.0.0-windows-x86_64-89f24ea.exe
3、填写连接信息