12c集群环境打补丁
环境介绍：
集群版本是12.2.0.1
数据库版本是12.1.0.1
两个补丁包都已经下载好分别放到了/tmp/grid20190107/ ---集群补丁
/tmp/oracle/grid20190107 ----数据库补丁
这次使用的是opatchauto打
这里重点说明一下，打补丁之前一定要看下README.HTML，就算英文不好也要尝试看下，里面会有很多打补丁的命令和步骤，习惯下多看看就会懂是什么意思，需要做一些什么
升级集群Opatch(2个节点都要这么做)
cd $ORACLE_HOME
mv OPatch Opatch.bak ---备份原来的OPatch
pwd
/grid/app/12.2.0/grid ---集群ORACLE_HOME目录
mv /tmp/grid2019010/OPatch /grid/app/12.2.0/grid ----移动升级Opatch
Chown –R oracle:oinstall xxxx
Chmod 755 –R xxxxx
升级完之后切换到grid用户输入opatch看下版本是否正确
集群打补丁
补丁介绍：
这次集群要打5个补丁，其中3个补丁DB不用打，grid打就行
检查补丁冲突
For Grid Infrastructure Home, as home user:（grid补丁检查）
% $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/grid20190107//28714316/28662603
% $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/grid20190107//28714316/28662626
% $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/grid20190107//28714316/28662640
% $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/grid20190107//28714316/26839277
% $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/grid20190107//28714316/28566910
For Database home, as home user:（oracle补丁检查）
% $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/oracle/grid20190107/28714316/28662603
% $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /tmp/oracle/grid20190107/28714316/28662626
Grid要打5个，DB打2个，检查都要sucessed才算成功没问题，以上都属于打集群的补丁
Grid开始打补丁
命令：
Opatchauto apply /tmp/20190107/28714316
报错1：2节点grid-opatch未升级
刚开始输入Opatchauto apply /tmp/20190107/28714316 报的错，从报错信息看是脚本里没有找到auto无法打开，仔细一想二节点的grid好像没升级OPatch，这就是为什么再之前我要强调两个节点都要升级的原因
二节点升级完成之后再执行一下就成功了
Starting CRS service on home /grid/app/12.2.0/grid
Postpatch operation log file location: /grid/app/grid/crsdata/zjscfxstprac01/crsconfig/crspatch_zjscfxstprac01_2019-01-08_12-10-36AM.log
CRS service started successfully on home /grid/app/12.2.0/grid
OPatchAuto successful.
--------------------------------Summary--------------------------------
Patching is completed successfully. Please find the summary as follows:
Host:zjscfxstprac01
CRS Home:/grid/app/12.2.0/grid
Version:12.2.0.1.0
Summary:
==Following patches were SUCCESSFULLY applied:
Patch: /tmp/grid20190107/28714316/26839277
Log: /grid/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-08-36PM_1.log
Patch: /tmp/grid20190107/28714316/28566910
Log: /grid/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-08-36PM_1.log
Patch: /tmp/grid20190107/28714316/28662603
Log: /grid/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-08-36PM_1.log
Patch: /tmp/grid20190107/28714316/28662626
Log: /grid/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-08-36PM_1.log
Patch: /tmp/grid20190107/28714316/28662640
Log: /grid/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-08-36PM_1.log
Following homes are skipped during patching as patches are not applicable:
/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
报错2：进程阻塞
这里为什么会说跳过了补丁，刚才环境介绍的时候就已经说明了，集群环境是12.2.0.1 而数据库是12.1.0.1
在README.HTML里也有说明
README还是挺重要的
所以这套12.2.0.1只能打grid，集群的oracle打不了，没有适用的
二节点也是同上的方法执行：Opatchauto apply /tmp/20190107/28714316
Opatchauto的优点就是不用手动关闭集群，关闭数据库，他会自动帮你管理，关闭集群关闭数据库，当然是关闭单节点
Oracle开始打补丁
升级OPatch方法和grid打补丁一样的，就不多说了，记得属组修改一下
Chown –R oracle:oinstall xxxx
Chmod 755 –R xxxxx
当然也要检查补丁冲突
unzip p28259833_121020_HPUX-IA64.zip
cd 28259833
opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
检查完后就开始打补丁
unzip 28259833_<version>_<platform>.zip
cd 28259833
opatch apply
报错1；
Oracle Home : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
Central Inventory : /grid/app/oraInventory
from : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.16
OUI version : 12.1.0.2.0
Log file location : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-43-33PM_1.log
Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
The details are:
Following active executables are not used by opatch process :
/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1
Following active executables are used by opatch process :
Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
The details are:
Following active executables are not used by opatch process :
/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libsqlplus.so
Following active executables are used by opatch process :
UtilSession failed: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
Log file location: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-43-33PM_1.log
OPatch failed with error code 73
这里看似这么多报错信息，还是需要仔细看，不是只能单看.log文档
上述报错信息中有
有一个进程阻塞了我的opatch apply打补丁
要找到这个阻塞过程是干嘛的，打补丁的时候集群和数据库理论上都应该停掉这样打补丁好一点，所以找到了这个阻塞进程需要kill掉
[[email protected] ~]$ ll /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 58795804 Nov 23 19:37 /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1
[[email protected] ~]$ fuser /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1
/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1: 358637m
[[email protected] ~]$ ps -ef|grep 358637
oracle 358637 358598 0 Jan07 pts/3 00:00:00 sqlplus as sysdba
oracle 434406 431953 0 12:44 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 358637
[[email protected] ~]$ kill -9 358637
[[email protected] ~]$ ps -ef|grep 358637
oracle 434424 431953 0 12:45 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 358637
[[email protected] ~]$ fuser /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1
[[email protected] ~]$ fuser /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/lib/libclntsh.so.12.1
[[email protected] ~]$
Kill掉这个进程后，重新打补丁
[[email protected] 28259833]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.16
Copyright (c) 2019, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db
Central Inventory : /grid/app/oraInventory
from : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.16
OUI version : 12.1.0.2.0
Log file location : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2019-01-08_12-45-22PM_1.log
Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
09783 26713565 26925311 27338041 27547329 28259833
Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.
Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db')
Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying sub-patch '19769480' to OH '/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db'
Patching component oracle.rdbms.deconfig, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.client, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.crs, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.sqlplus.rsf, 12.1.0.2.0...
Applying sub-patch '27547329' to OH '/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db'
Patching component oracle.network.rsf, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.tfa, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.ctx.rsf, 12.1.0.2.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 12.1.0.2.0...
………………………….（省略）
OPatch Session completed.
另一个节点也这么操作
当两个节点都执行完毕后，就需要./datapatch –verbose
只要在任意一个节点上运行一次就行了
接着重新编译一下无效对象
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA
SQL> @utlrp.sql
检查查询下数据库打的补丁代码