约定电脑都安装了eclipse，且已配置好Maven以及eclipse插件。
1.Eclipse
2.maven
3.Eclipse 需要安装maven插件。url:maven - http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases 。
1、新建一个Maven Project
2、选择工作空间
3、搭建Web工程，我们选择maven-archetype-webapp类型
4、填写项目参数，如图
5、以上步骤完成时的工程结构目录
6、可以查看或修改发布目录
7、确保勾选上Dynamic Web Module和Java
8、完成以上步骤，我们的工程就是一个Web项目了，接着我们赋予工程的springmvc特性，配置web.xml，使其具有springmvc特性，主要配置两处，一个是ContextLoaderListener，一个是DispatcherServlet。代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- 配置web.xml，使其具有springmvc特性，主要配置两处，一个是ContextLoaderListener，一个是DispatcherServlet --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 配置ContextLoaderListener表示，该工程要以spring的方式启动。启动时会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找applicationContext.xml
作为spring容器的配置文件，该文件里可以初始化一些bean --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 字符集过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- spring mvc 配置 --> <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet表示，该工程将采用springmvc的方式。启动时也会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找XXX-servlet.xml作为配置文件， XXX就是DispatcherServlet的名字，该文件中将配置两项重要的mvc特性：HandlerMapping,负责为DispatcherServlet这个前端控制器的请求查找Controller； ViewResolver,负责为DispatcherServlet查找ModelAndView的视图解析器。 此处使用指定的配置文件spring-mvc.xml --> <servlet> <servlet-name>contacts</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/spring-mvc-servlet.xml</param-value>--> <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>contacts</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
9、配置ContextLoaderListener表示，该工程要以spring的方式启动。启动时会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找 applicationContext.xml作为spring容器的配置文件，这里可以初始化一些bean，如DataSource等。代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd"> <!-- bean definitions here --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jxufe" /> <!-- 配置读取外部配置文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.url}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" /> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 此行语句使得resource autowired 等四个注解可以使用 --> <!-- 实例化jdbcTemplate,同时注入数据源 --> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" /> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 事务扫描开始(开启@Tranctional) --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" /> </beans>
10、配置DispatcherServlet表示，该工程将采用springmvc的方式。启动时也会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找XXX- servlet.xml作为配置文件，XXX就是DispatcherServlet的名字，该文件中将配置两项重要的mvc特性：ViewResolver,负责为DispatcherServlet查找ModelAndView的视图解析器。这里我们使用指定的xml配置文件spring-mvc.xml，代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <!-- 启动事务添加配置 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jxufe"> <!-- 排除扫描service标签 --> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/> </context:component-scan> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> <!-- 注册JASON转换器 --> <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/> <ref bean="utf8StringHttpMessageConverter"/> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="utf8StringHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"></bean> <!-- 当配置了<mvc:annotation-driven/>后，会自动加载org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter，所以如果显示的配置则需去掉配置<mvc:annotation-driven/> --> <!--<mvc:annotation-driven/>--> </beans>
11、配置pom.xml文件，让maven自动配置jar包，代码如下
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>cn.jxufe</groupId> <artifactId>SpringMVC-Maven</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0</version> <name>SpringMVC-Maven Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <spring.version>3.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring begin --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring end --> <!-- web jar --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- jackson jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId> <version>1.9.11</version> </dependency> <!-- commons jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId> <version>4.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-codec</groupId> <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId> <version>1.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> <version>1.8.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-chain</groupId> <artifactId>commons-chain</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-math3</artifactId> <version>3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-digester3</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-net</groupId> <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId> <version>3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId> <version>1.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId> <version>1.3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <!-- jstl jar --> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 日志相关 --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.16</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.5</version> </dependency> <!-- 验证码kaptcha --> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.code</groupId> <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId> <version>2.3.0</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.31</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SpringMVC-Maven</finalName> </build> </project>
12、完成以上步骤后，可以继续配置jdbc.properties、log4j.properties等文件。至此SpringMVC项目搭建完成，工程结构如下图：
13、今后博客中的代码我都会托管到GibHub上，有需要的朋友可以查看。GitHub
文章出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/hehaiyang/p/4578488.html