zepc007

linux

获取linux硬件信息的方式,有很多。

1.使用puppet或者saltstack

2.直接读取/proc/xx文件,比如cpu信息,就是/proc/cpuinfo

3.dmidecode

4.psutil,它可以获取某些信息,但是对于CPU型号,无法获取!

接下来讨论一下关于 python-hwinfo

什么是 python-hwinfo

这是一个通过解析系统工具(例如 lspci 和 dmidecode)的输出,来检查硬件和设备的 Python 库。它提供了一个简单的命令行工具,可以用来检查本地、远程的主机和记录的信息。用 sudo 运行该命令以获得最大的信息。

另外,你可以提供服务器 IP 或者主机名、用户名和密码,在远程的服务器上执行它。当然你也可以使用这个工具查看其它工具捕获的输出(例如 demidecode 输出的 dmidecode.out,/proc/cpuinfo 输出的cpuinfo,lspci

Linux 上如何安装 python-hwinfo

在绝大多数 Linux 发行版,都可以通过 pip 包安装。为了安装 python
pip 是 Python 附带的一个包管理工具,在 Linux 上安装 Python 包的推荐工具之一。

在 RHEL/CentOS 平台,使用 YUM 命令安装 pip

 yum install -y python-pip python-devel

最后,执行下面的 pip 命令安装 python

 pip install python-hwinfo

怎么在本地机器使用 python-hwinfo

执行下面的命令,检查本地机器现有的硬件。输出很清楚和整洁,这是我在其他命令中没有看到的。

它的输出分为了五类:

1.Bios Info(BIOS 信息): BIOS 供应商名称、系统产品名称、系统序列号、系统唯一标识符、系统制造商、BIOS 发布日期和BIOS 版本。

2.CPU Info(CPU 信息):处理器编号、供应商 ID,CPU 系列代号、型号、步进编号、型号名称、CPU 主频。

3.Ethernet Controller Info(网卡信息): 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称、子供应商 ID,子设备名称、子设备 ID。

4.Storage Controller Info(存储设备信息): 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称,子供应商 ID、子设备名称、子设备 ID。

5.GPU Info(GPU 信息): 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称、子供应商 ID、子设备名称、子设备 ID。

执行命名hwinfo

 [root@localhost ~]# hwinfo -e


 {
     "bios": {
         "bios_vendor_name": "Phoenix Technologies LTD",
         "system_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform",
         "system_serial_number": "VMware-56 4d 53 d2 bd 73 ed 36-61 08 23 cc 4a c7 b7 ff",
         "chassis_type": "Other",
         "system_uuid": "564D53D2-BD73-ED36-6108-23CC4AC7B7FF",
         "system_manufacturer": "VMware, Inc.",
         "socket_count": 64,
         "bios_release_date": "05/19/2017",
         "bios_version": "6.00",
         "socket_designation": "CPU #000, CPU #001, CPU #002, CPU #003, CPU #004, CPU #005, CPU #006, CPU #007, CPU #008, CPU #009, CPU #010, CPU #011, CPU #012, CPU #013, CPU #014, CPU #015, CPU #016, CPU #017, CPU #018, CPU #019, CPU #020, CPU #021, CPU #022, CPU #023, CPU #024, CPU #025, CPU #026, CPU #027, CPU #028, CPU #029, CPU #030, CPU #031, CPU #032, CPU #033, CPU #034, CPU #035, CPU #036, CPU #037, CPU #038, CPU #039, CPU #040, CPU #041, CPU #042, CPU #043, CPU #044, CPU #045, CPU #046, CPU #047, CPU #048, CPU #049, CPU #050, CPU #051, CPU #052, CPU #053, CPU #054, CPU #055, CPU #056, CPU #057, CPU #058, CPU #059, CPU #060, CPU #061, CPU #062, CPU #063"
     },
     "storage_controllers": [
         {
             "subdevice_name": "Virtual Machine Chipset",
             "subdevice_id": "1976",
             "subvendor_id": "15ad",
             "vendor_id": "8086",
             "device_name": "82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE",
             "vendor_name": "Intel Corporation",
             "subvendor_name": "VMware",
             "class": "0101",
             "device_id": "7111"
         },
         {
             "subdevice_name": "LSI Logic Parallel SCSI Controller",
             "subdevice_id": "1976",
             "subvendor_id": "15ad",
             "vendor_id": "1000",
             "device_name": "53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI",
             "vendor_name": "LSI Logic / Symbios Logic",
             "subvendor_name": "VMware",
             "class": "0100",
             "device_id": "0030"
         }
     ],
     "cpu": [
         {
             "model": "94",
             "clflush_size": "64",
             "cpu_family": "6",
             "address_sizes": "40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual",
             "vendor_id": "GenuineIntel",
             "bogomips": "5202.00",
             "processor": "0",
             "fpu": "yes",
             "cpuid_level": "22",
             "fpu_exception": "yes",
             "stepping": "3",
             "cache_alignment": "64",
             "cache_size": "6144 KB",
             "flags": "fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm 3dnowprefetch arat fsgsbase smep",
             "microcode": "0xbe",
             "cpu_mhz": "2599.936",
             "model_name": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz",
             "wp": "yes"
         }
     ],
     "gpus": [
         {
             "subdevice_name": "SVGA II Adapter",
             "subdevice_id": "0405",
             "subvendor_id": "15ad",
             "vendor_id": "15ad",
             "device_name": "SVGA II Adapter",
             "vendor_name": "VMware",
             "subvendor_name": "VMware",
             "class": "0300",
             "device_id": "0405"
         }
     ],
     "nics": [
         {
             "subdevice_name": "PRO/1000 MT Single Port Adapter",
             "subdevice_id": "0750",
             "subvendor_id": "15ad",
             "vendor_id": "8086",
             "device_name": "82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper)",
             "vendor_name": "Intel Corporation",
             "subvendor_name": "VMware",
             "class": "0200",
             "device_id": "100f"
         }
     ]
 }

注意:这个命令只能在Python 2.7才能使用。Python 3.x执行会报错!

Windows

windows不能使用hwinfo,因为hwinfo是读取/proc/xx文件的。而windows是没有的,所以会报错!需要使用其他模块来获取

使用下面的命令安装2个模块

 pip install wmi pyinstaller

新建一个文件win_sysinfo.py,内容如下:

 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_

 import platform
 import win32com
 import wmi
 import os
 import json

 def collect():
     data = {
         \'os_type\': platform.system(),
         \'os_release\':"%s %s  %s "%( platform.release() ,platform.architecture()[0],platform.version()),
         \'os_distribution\': \'Microsoft\',
         \'asset_type\':\'server\'
     }

     win32obj = Win32Info()
     data.update(win32obj.get_cpu_info())
     data.update(win32obj.get_ram_info())
     data.update(win32obj.get_server_info())
     data.update(win32obj.get_disk_info())
     data.update(win32obj.get_nic_info())

     # for k,v in data.items():
     #    print k,v
     return data

 class Win32Info(object):
     def __init__(self):
         self.wmi_obj = wmi.WMI()
         self.wmi_service_obj = win32com.client.Dispatch("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator")
         self.wmi_service_connector =self.wmi_service_obj.ConnectServer(".","root\cimv2")

     def get_cpu_info(self):
         data = {}
         cpu_lists = self.wmi_obj.Win32_Processor()
         cpu_core_count = 0

         for cpu in cpu_lists:
             cpu_core_count += cpu.NumberOfCores
             cpu_model = cpu.Name
         data["cpu_count"] = len(cpu_lists)
         data["cpu_model"] = cpu_model
         data["cpu_core_count"] =cpu_core_count
         return data

     def get_ram_info(self):
         data = []
         ram_collections = self.wmi_service_connector.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_PhysicalMemory")
         for item in ram_collections:
             item_data = {}
             #print item
             mb = int(1024 * 1024)
             ram_size = int(item.Capacity) / mb
             item_data = {
                 "slot":item.DeviceLocator.strip(),
                 "capacity":ram_size,
                 "model":item.Caption,
                 "manufactory":item.Manufacturer,
                 "sn":item.SerialNumber,
             }
             data.append(item_data)

         return {"ram":data}
     def get_server_info(self):
         computer_info =  self.wmi_obj.Win32_ComputerSystem()[0]
         system_info =  self.wmi_obj.Win32_OperatingSystem()[0]
         data = {}
         data[\'manufactory\'] = computer_info.Manufacturer
         data[\'model\'] = computer_info.Model
         data[\'wake_up_type\'] = computer_info.WakeUpType
         data[\'sn\'] = system_info.SerialNumber

         return data

     def get_disk_info(self):
         data = []
         for disk in self.wmi_obj.Win32_DiskDrive():
             #print  disk.Model,disk.Size,disk.DeviceID,disk.Name,disk.Index,disk.SerialNumber,disk.SystemName,disk.Description
             item_data = {}
             iface_choices = ["SAS","SCSI","SATA","SSD"]
             for iface in iface_choices:
                 if iface in disk.Model:
                     item_data[\'iface_type\']  = iface
                     break
             else:
                 item_data[\'iface_type\']  = \'unknown\'
             item_data[\'slot\']  = disk.Index
             item_data[\'sn\']  = disk.SerialNumber
             item_data[\'model\']  = disk.Model
             item_data[\'manufactory\']  = disk.Manufacturer
             item_data[\'capacity\']  = int(disk.Size ) / (1024*1024*1024)
             data.append(item_data)
         return {\'physical_disk_driver\':data}
     def get_nic_info(self):
         data = []
         for nic in self.wmi_obj.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration():
             if nic.MACAddress is not None:
                 item_data = {}
                 item_data[\'macaddress\'] = nic.MACAddress
                 item_data[\'model\'] = nic.Caption
                 item_data[\'name\'] = nic.Index
                 if nic.IPAddress  is not None:
                     item_data[\'ipaddress\'] = nic.IPAddress[0]
                     item_data[\'netmask\'] = nic.IPSubnet
                 else:
                     item_data[\'ipaddress\'] = \'\'
                     item_data[\'netmask\'] = \'\'
                 bonding = 0
                 #print nic.MACAddress ,nic.IPAddress,nic.ServiceName,nic.Caption,nic.IPSubnet
                 #print item_data
                 data.append(item_data)
         return {\'nic\':data}

 if __name__=="__main__":
     ret = collect()
     print json.dumps(ret)

注意:此脚本,也是Python 2.7。需要在windows上安装Python 2.7

打开cmd窗口,执行脚本

 python C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\win_sysinfo.py

效果如下:blob.png

但是dos窗口输出的内容,不好复制,怎么办呢?

将输出重定向到桌面的info.txt文件中(不需要手动创建)

 python C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\win_sysinfo.py > C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\info.txt

打开txt文件,复制内容

打开在线json网页,将内容复制进去

http://www.bejson.com/

点击校验,效果如下:

 {
 	"model": "Inspiron 7559",
 	"cpu_count": 1,
 	"os_release": "10 64bit  10.0.17134 ",
 	"nic": [{
 		"macaddress": "00:FF:D6:54:71:F4",
 		"model": "[00000001] TAP-Windows Adapter V9",
 		"ipaddress": "",
 		"name": 1,
 		"netmask": ""
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "00:50:56:C0:00:01",
 		"model": "[00000002] VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet1",
 		"ipaddress": "192.168.233.1",
 		"name": 2,
 		"netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"]
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "00:50:56:C0:00:08",
 		"model": "[00000003] VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet8",
 		"ipaddress": "192.168.218.1",
 		"name": 3,
 		"netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"]
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "F4:8E:38:EE:0B:9F",
 		"model": "[00000004] Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller",
 		"ipaddress": "192.168.12.151",
 		"name": 4,
 		"netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"]
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "58:FB:84:62:18:0D",
 		"model": "[00000005] Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165",
 		"ipaddress": "",
 		"name": 5,
 		"netmask": ""
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "58:FB:84:62:18:0E",
 		"model": "[00000006] Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter",
 		"ipaddress": "",
 		"name": 6,
 		"netmask": ""
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "5A:FB:84:62:18:0D",
 		"model": "[00000007] Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter",
 		"ipaddress": "",
 		"name": 7,
 		"netmask": ""
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "82:97:20:52:41:53",
 		"model": "[00000013] WAN Miniport (IP)",
 		"ipaddress": "",
 		"name": 13,
 		"netmask": ""
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "86:9F:20:52:41:53",
 		"model": "[00000014] WAN Miniport (IPv6)",
 		"ipaddress": "",
 		"name": 14,
 		"netmask": ""
 	}, {
 		"macaddress": "88:73:20:52:41:53",
 		"model": "[00000015] WAN Miniport (Network Monitor)",
 		"ipaddress": "",
 		"name": 15,
 		"netmask": ""
 	}],
 	"ram": [{
 		"slot": "ChannelA-DIMM0",
 		"model": "物理内存",
 		"capacity": 8192,
 		"sn": "14093411",
 		"manufactory": "019800000000"
 	}, {
 		"slot": "ChannelB-DIMM0",
 		"model": "物理内存",
 		"capacity": 8192,
 		"sn": "06048420",
 		"manufactory": "019800000000"
 	}],
 	"cpu_model": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz",
 	"manufactory": "Dell Inc.",
 	"physical_disk_driver": [{
 		"slot": 0,
 		"capacity": 119,
 		"manufactory": "(标准磁盘驱动器)",
 		"sn": "163363432723",
 		"model": "SanDisk Z400s M.2 2280 128GB",
 		"iface_type": "unknown"
 	}, {
 		"slot": 1,
 		"capacity": 465,
 		"manufactory": "(标准磁盘驱动器)",
 		"sn": "            SBY6P77H",
 		"model": "ST500LT012-1DG142",
 		"iface_type": "unknown"
 	}],
 	"wake_up_type": 6,
 	"sn": "00342-33067-00000-AAOEM",
 	"cpu_core_count": 4,
 	"os_type": "Windows",
 	"os_distribution": "Microsoft",
 	"asset_type": "server"
 }

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