1、概述

案例:使用OpenCV实现视频绿幕背景替换

算法步骤:

1.初始化VideoCapture并使用其open方法加载视频

2.while循环加读取frame capture.read(frame)

3.将frame转hsv色彩空间

4.使用inRange函数生成遮罩mask

5.使用形态学操作降噪+边缘平滑

6.使用resize将背景图片的大小搞成视频帧图片的大小

7.创建一个目标Mat用于存放融合后的图像(CV_8UC3)

8.向目标Mat中填入,指定的像素

9.循环输出Mat

2、代码示例

Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement::Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement(QWidget *parent)
    : MyGraphicsView{parent}
{
    this->setWindowTitle("视频绿幕背景替换");
}
 
void Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement::dropEvent(QDropEvent *event){
    const char *filePath= "/Users/yangwei/Documents/tony/opencv/课程配套代码与图片/代码与图片/01.mp4";
    showVideoGreenCurtainBackgroundReplacement(filePath);
}
 
void Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement::showVideoGreenCurtainBackgroundReplacement(const char* filePath){
    background1 = imread("/Users/yangwei/Downloads/5bd38a8bd51c7f866b7a5b397b8c1807.jpeg");//海底世界
    background2 = imread("/Users/yangwei/Downloads/3e6d749dfbec37b624c387767a04f34e.jpeg");//m78星云
    VideoCapture videoCapture;
    videoCapture.open(filePath);
    if(!videoCapture.isOpened()){//视频是否打开了
        qDebug()<<"视频打开失败";
        return;
    }
    Mat frame,hsv;
    Mat mask;
    while(videoCapture.read(frame)){
        cvtColor(frame,hsv,COLOR_BGR2HSV);//将图像转为hsv色彩空间
        inRange(hsv,Scalar(35, 43, 46), Scalar(155, 255, 255),mask);//使用inRange过滤像素并生成遮罩
        //使用形态学闭操作去除图像上的干扰白点
        Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT,Size(3,3),Point(-1,-1));
        morphologyEx(mask,mask,MORPH_CLOSE,kernel,Point(-1,-1));
        //使用形态学腐蚀操作对mask边缘进行腐蚀(去掉边缘白色)
        erode(mask,mask,kernel);
        //使用高斯模糊平滑前景与背景区域的过度(此处指的是黑白过度处)
        GaussianBlur(mask,mask,Size(3,3),0,0);
        resizeImage(frame);
        showResult(frame,mask);
        waitKey(1);
    }
}
 
/**
 * 将图像调整到指定的大小
 * @brief Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement::resizeImage
 * @param target
 */
void Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement::resizeImage(Mat &frame){
    qDebug()<<"width:"<<frame.cols<<"---->height:"<<frame.rows;
 
    cv::resize(background1,background1,frame.size());
    qDebug()<<"width:"<<background1.cols<<"---->height:"<<background1.rows;
}
 
/**
 * 填充像素输出指定的图像
 * @brief Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement::showResult
 * @param result
 */
void Vide_GreenCurtain_Background_Replacement::showResult(Mat &frame,Mat mask){
    Mat result = Mat::zeros(frame.size(),CV_8UC3);
    int width = frame.cols;
    int height = frame.rows;
    int dims = frame.channels();
    int m = 0;
    double wt = 0;
 
    int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
    int r1 = 0, g1 = 0, b1 = 0;
    int r2 = 0, g2 = 0, b2 = 0;
    for(int row=0;row<height;row++){
        uchar *currentImage = frame.ptr<uchar>(row);//原始帧图像的一列像素
        uchar *bgImage = background1.ptr<uchar>(row);//背景图像的一列像素
        uchar *maskImage = mask.ptr<uchar>(row);//遮罩的一列像素
        uchar *resultImage = result.ptr<uchar>(row);//最终输出结果的一列像素
        for(int col=0;col<width;col++){
            m = *maskImage++;//取出像素
            if(m==255){//背景
                *resultImage++ = *bgImage++;
                *resultImage++ = *bgImage++;
                *resultImage++ = *bgImage++;
                currentImage+=3;
            }else if(m==0){//前景
                *resultImage++ = *currentImage++;
                *resultImage++ = *currentImage++;
                *resultImage++ = *currentImage++;
                bgImage+=3;
            }else{//过度部分像素
                b1 = *resultImage++;
                g1 = *resultImage++;
                r1 = *resultImage++;
 
                b2 = *currentImage++;
                g2 = *currentImage++;
                r2 = *currentImage++;
 
                // 权重
                wt = m / 255.0;
 
                // 缓和权重
                b = b1*wt + b2*(1.0 - wt);
                g = g1*wt + g2*(1.0 - wt);
                r = r1*wt + r2*(1.0 - wt);
 
                *resultImage++ = b;
                *resultImage++ = g;
                *resultImage++ = r;
            }
 
        }
    }
    imshow("result",result);
}
原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60259116/article/details/129100911

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