nefu-wangxun

直连式

  • 需要用到两个相互独立的maven的web项目

    项目1:o1-link-userservice-provider	作为服务的提供者
    项目2:o2-link-consumer	作为使用服务的消费者
    

项目1

  • 结构

    image

  • pom文件

    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.example.dubbo</groupId>
      <artifactId>o1-link-userservice-provider</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <version>1.0.0</version>
    
      <dependencies>
        <!--Spring依赖-->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
          <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
          <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <!--dubbo依赖-->
        <dependency>
          <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
          <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
          <version>2.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
    
      </dependencies>
    
    
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <!--JDK1.8编译插件-->
          <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
            <configuration>
              <source>1.8</source>
              <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>
    
  • 实体类:注意要实现序列化接口,数据需要通过socket网络传输

    package com.example.dubbo.model;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    public class User implements Serializable {
        private String id;
        private String name;
        private String age;
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "User{" +
                    "id='" + id + '\'' +
                    ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                    ", age='" + age + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    
        public String getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(String id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public String getAge() {
            return age;
        }
    
        public void setAge(String age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public User(String id, String name, String age) {
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
            this.age = age;
        }
    
        public User() {
        }
    }
    
  • 服务接口

    package com.example.dubbo.service;
    
    import com.example.dubbo.model.User;
    
    public interface UserService {
        /**
         * 根据用户id,获取用信息
         */
        User queryUserById(String id);
    }
    
  • 服务接口的实现类

    package com.example.dubbo.service.impl;
    
    import com.example.dubbo.model.User;
    import com.example.dubbo.service.UserService;
    
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    
        /**
         * 根据用户id,获取用户信息
         */
        @Override
        public User queryUserById(String id) {
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(id);
            user.setName("橘子");
            user.setAge("21");
            return user;
        }
    }
    
  • dubbo框架里的服务提供者所对应的配置文件:dubbo-link-userservice-provider.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
        <!-- 对外提供的服务的名称,要具有唯一性-->
        <dubbo:application name="o1-link-userservice-provider"/>
        <!-- 服务使用的协议以及端口号 -->
        <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
        <!-- 服务对外提供的接口 -->
        <dubbo:service interface="com.example.dubbo.service.UserService" ref="userService" registry="N/A"/>
        <!-- 对外提供的接口的实现类-->
        <bean id="userService" class="com.example.dubbo.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>
    
    </beans>
    
  • web.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
             version="4.0">
    
        <!-- 将dubbo框架交给spring框架管理 -->
        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:dubbo-link-userservice-provider.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    </web-app>
    

注意

  • 由于采用的是直连方式,要把项目1,打成jar包,后面项目2会引用这个jar包

  • 项目1打成jar包的步骤

    1.将项目1的pom文件中的<packaging>war</packaging>注释掉,这样打包的时候默认会打成jar包
    2.点击maven项目管理中的项目1的Lifecycle里的install(操作见下图)
    3.把注释放开
    

    image

项目2

  • 结构

    image

  • pom文件:其中要根据项目1的坐标将之前把项目1打成的jar包引入项目2中使用

    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <groupId>com.example.dubbo</groupId>
      <artifactId>o2-link-consumer</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <version>1.0.0</version>
    
    <dependencies>
      <!--Spring依赖-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.16.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
    
      <!--dubbo依赖-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.2</version>
      </dependency>
    
      <!-- 对01-link-userservice-provider项目的依赖-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.example.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>o1-link-userservice-provider</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0</version>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <!--JDK1.8编译插件-->
          <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
            <configuration>
              <source>1.8</source>
              <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>
    
  • dubbo框架里的消费者所对应的配置文件:dubbo-link-consumer.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
    
        <!-- 消费者的唯一标识-->
        <dubbo:application name="o2-link-consumer"/>
        
        <!-- 引用的远程服务的相关信息 -->
        <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="com.example.dubbo.service.UserService" url="dubbo://127.0.0.1:20880" registry="N/A"/>
    </beans>
    
  • spring核心配置文件:application.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    
        <!-- 扫描控制层 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.dubbo.web.controller"/>
    
        <!-- 配置注解驱动 -->
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
        <!-- 配置视图解析器-->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
    </beans>
    
  • Controller层

    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    @Controller
    public class UserController {
        @Autowired
        UserService userService;
    
        /**
         * 接收前端请求,查询数据并返回
         */
        @RequestMapping("/getUser.do")
        public String getUser(String id, Model model){
            //获取数据
            User user = userService.queryUserById(id);
            //存放数据
            model.addAttribute("user", user);
            //返回到用户详情页面
            return "userDetail";
        }
    }
    
  • web.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
             version="4.0">
    
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:application.xml, classpath:dubbo-link-consumer.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>
    
  • 返回给前端的用户详情页面:userDetail.jsp

    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>用户详情页面</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div>用户标识:${user.id}</div>
    <div>用户名称:${user.name}</div>
    <div>用户年龄:${user.age}</div>
    </body>
    </html>
    

测试

  • 将项目1(服务提供者)和项目2(消费者),分别部署到tomcat服务器上并启动服务器

    image

  • 从消费者端去访问获取服务

    image

直连缺点

  • 由于事先要把项目1打成jar包,项目2中依赖项目1的jar包,上述方式虽然实现了消费者对服务的访问,但是上述直连方式并没有实现服务提供者和消费者的真正分离,业务还是耦合在一个项目中(这里是耦合在项目2里)

相关文章: