做自动化框架,不可避免的就是对象库。

有一个好的对象库,可以让整个测试体系:

  •  更容易维护
  •  大大增加代码重用
  •  增加测试系统的稳定性

这里先了解一下我所说的对象库:

selenium测试框架篇

所谓的页面对象,是指每一个真是的页面是一个对象。

比如zhihu的登陆页面是一个页面对象,http://www.zhihu.com/#signin

这个页面对象主要包含一个输入邮箱的输入框(一个元素对象),一个输入密码的密码框

一个登陆框。当然,zhihu不止一个页面,有无数页面,每一个页面都可以封装为一个对象。而每个

页面的元素,也可以封装成一个个元素对象。

selenium测试框架篇

为什么要封装成一个个对象?

还是以这个登陆页面为例,如果有一天zhihu改版,登陆界面UI变了,(但是需要输入用户名和密码还有登陆按钮不会消失吧)。

登陆页面的元素的位置也相应改变,如果你的测试用例没有封装过页面和元素, 每个页面都是拿webdriver 直接写,页面元素定位

也分布到测试用例中,这要维护起来要全部改掉测试用例。如果你封装了页面,封装了元素,再封装一个对应的登陆Action,你的每个

测试用例是调用的login.action()。  这样,你只需要改变你对象库的内容就完美解决UI变化,而不必一个个修改测试用例。

测试框架目录如下:

  selenium测试框架篇

接下来一这个登陆为例:

首先封装一个BasePage的类,毕竟所有的页面都有共同的东西,每个页面都有元素,每个页面元素都有相应的方法

这里简单封装了几个方法,如type 

selenium测试框架篇

selenium测试框架篇
package com.dbyl.libarary.utils;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class BasePage {

    protected WebDriver driver;
    protected String[][] locatorMap;

    protected BasePage(WebDriver driver) throws IOException {
        this.driver = driver;
        locatorMap = ReadExcelUtil.getLocatorMap();
    }

    protected void type(Locator locator, String values) throws Exception {
        WebElement e = findElement(driver, locator);
        e.sendKeys(values);
    }

    protected void click(Locator locator) throws Exception {
        WebElement e = findElement(driver, locator);
        e.click();
    }

    protected void clickAndHold(Locator locator) throws IOException {
        WebElement e = findElement(driver, locator);
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        actions.clickAndHold(e).perform();
    }

    public WebDriver getDriver() {
        return driver;
    }

    public void setDriver(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
    }

    public WebElement getElement(Locator locator) throws IOException {
        return getElement(this.getDriver(), locator);
    }

    /**
     * get by parameter
     * 
     * @author Young
     * @param driver
     * @param locator
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public WebElement getElement(WebDriver driver, Locator locator)
            throws IOException {
        locator = getLocator(locator.getElement());
        WebElement e;
        switch (locator.getBy()) {
        case xpath:
            e = driver.findElement(By.xpath(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        case id:
            e = driver.findElement(By.id(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        case name:
            e = driver.findElement(By.name(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        case cssSelector:
            e = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        case className:
            e = driver.findElement(By.className(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        case tagName:
            e = driver.findElement(By.tagName(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        case linkText:
            e = driver.findElement(By.linkText(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        case partialLinkText:
            e = driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(locator.getElement()));
            break;
        default:
            e = driver.findElement(By.id(locator.getElement()));
        }
        return e;
    }

    public boolean isElementPresent(WebDriver driver, Locator myLocator,
            int timeOut) throws IOException {
        final Locator locator = getLocator(myLocator.getElement());
        boolean isPresent = false;
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);
        isPresent = wait.until(new ExpectedCondition<WebElement>() {
            @Override
            public WebElement apply(WebDriver d) {
                return findElement(d, locator);
            }
        }).isDisplayed();
        return isPresent;
    }

    /**
     * This Method for check isPresent Locator
     * 
     * @param locator
     * @param timeOut
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public boolean isElementPresent(Locator locator, int timeOut)
            throws IOException {
        return isElementPresent(driver,locator, timeOut);
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param driver
     * @param locator
     * @return
     */
    public WebElement findElement(WebDriver driver, final Locator locator) {
        WebElement element = (new WebDriverWait(driver, locator.getWaitSec()))
                .until(new ExpectedCondition<WebElement>() {

                    @Override
                    public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {
                        try {
                            return getElement(driver, locator);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                            return null;
                        }

                    }

                });
        return element;

    }

    public Locator getLocator(String locatorName) throws IOException {

        Locator locator;
        for (int i = 0; i < locatorMap.length; i++) {
            if (locatorMap[i][0].endsWith(locatorName)) {
                return locator = new Locator(locatorMap[i][1]);
            }
        }

        return locator = new Locator(locatorName);

    }
}
selenium测试框架篇

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